Lithocarpus conocarpus Rehder

Species

Angiosperms > Fagales > Fagaceae > Lithocarpus

Characteristics

Tree 10-45 m, 10-90 cm Ø; bark greyish brown, lenticellate. Branchlets initially densely greyish brown tomentose with stellate hairs, later subglabrous with a few or many lenticels; terminal buds ovoid, 3-4 by 2-3 mm, scales narrowly ovate. Stipules ovate, 2-3 by 1½ rnm. Leaves coriaceous, rigid, (6-)8-12(-14) by (2-)3-4(-5½) cm (index (2.2-)2.5-3(-4)), broadest at or above the middle; surfaces discolorous, above dark greyish to chocolate-brown, by sparse erect stellate hairs, dull to glossy, underneath with a dense cover of yellowish brown to rufous adpressed and erect stellate hairs; base acute, margin recurved, top bluntly acute to 1-1½ cm acuminate; midrib strongly prominent on both sides, densely pubescent with erect stellate hairs; nerves (9-) 10-12(-15) pairs, prominent beneath, impressed above, subparallel, at an angle of 45-70°, arcuating and anastomosing near the margin, densely pubescent by erect stellate hairs; reticulation lax, coarse, subscalariform, distinct beneath; petiole densely stellate hairy, ½-1 cm long, 1-2 mm Ø, terete or adaxially flat. Inflorescence male, androgynous or mixed, densely yellowish brown to fulvous stellate hairy; bracts and bracteoles narrowly ovate, 1½-2½ by ½-1½ mm. Male rachis 10-17 cm, 1-1½ mm Ø; ♂ flowers in clusters of 3, filaments 3-4 mm, anthers 0.35 mm long, pistillode globose, c. 1 mm Ø. Androgynous or mixed rachis 7-18 cm, 1½ mm Ø; female flowers solitary, rarely in clusters of 2-3, staminodes rudimentary, styles 3, conical, 1-1½ mm. Ripe cupule 3-8 mm stalked, cup-shaped, 2-6 mm long, 1.6-2 cm ø; rim thin, covering the basal part of the fruit; lamellae 6-7, concentric, denticulate, outside densely yellowish brown to rufous stellate hairy. Ripe fruit ovoid-conical, 1.6-2.4 cm long, 1.7-2 cm Ø, densely greyish tomentose, subglabrescent, top long-acuminate, base rounded, scar concave, 1-1.2 cm Ø; wall woody, c. 1 mm thick, greater part free from the cupule.
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Growth form tree
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Foliage retention evergreen
Sexuality monoecy
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Mature height (meter) 20.0 - 37.5
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Photosynthetic pathway c3

Environment

Forests, from sea-level up to 1800 m. Fl. July-March, fr. April-Oct.DOCTERS VAN LEEUWEN ( DOCTERS VAN LEEUWEN Ned. Kruidk. Arch. 51 1941 134 ) recorded a leaf gall caused by a gall-midge from Java.
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A mid-canopy tree in lowland to lower montane forests, including limestone forest, mainly on clay-rich soils; at elevations up to 1,400 metres.
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Hardiness (USDA) 9-12

Usage

Uses charcoal dye material wood
Edible seeds
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Cultivation

Can be grown by seedlings.
Mode seedlings
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Distribution

Lithocarpus conocarpus world distribution map, present in Indonesia, Iceland, and Malaysia

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:358694-1
WFO ID wfo-0000229818
COL ID 3VJSW
BDTFX ID -
INPN ID -
Wikipedia (EN) Link
Wikipedia (FR)

Synonyms

Quercus conocarpa Lithocarpus conocarpus Cyclobalanus conocarpa Pasania conocarpa Synaedrys conocarpa Lithocarpus conocarpus subsp. malaccensis