Lithocarpus pulcher Markgr.

Species

Angiosperms > Fagales > Fagaceae > Lithocarpus

Characteristics

Tree 24-36 m, 40-60 cm ø; buttresses up to 2½ m tall, 10 cm thick; bark irregularly fissured to scaly, chocolate-brown. Branchlets initially densely rufous pubescent by woolly, simple or stellate hairs, later subglabrous, ridged or terete, sparsely lenticellate; terminal buds ovoid-globose, 3-5 by 2-3 mm, scales ovate to linear-acute. Stipules narrowly ovate to linear, 10 by 2-5 mm, soon caducous. Leaves thick-coriaceous, rigid, (10-)15-20(-22) by (4-)6-8(-12) cm (index 2-3.2), broadest at or rarely above the middle; surfaces discolorous, above glabrous except the midrib and nerves, dull to glossy, dark, chocolate-brown, beneath densely yellowish to reddish brown tomentose by adpressed stellate hairs; base acute to cuneate, rarely rounded, margin recurved, top acute to ½-1 cm acuminate; midrib and nerves strongly prominent beneath, slightly so to impressed above; nerves (12-) 15-18(-22) pairs, parallel, at an angle of 60-70°, arcuating but not anastomosing towards the margin; reticulation dense, fine, scalariform, distinct beneath; petiole 1-2 cm, 2-3 mm ø, adaxially flat to shallowly furrowed. Inflorescence male or female, densely rufous stellate-hairy; bracts and bracteo-les ovate-acute, 1-2 by 0.7-1 mm. Male rachis 10-15 cm, 1-1½ mm ø; ♂ flowers in clusters of 3, perianth 6-lobed, stamens 10-12, filaments 2-3 mm, anthers 0.3-0.35 mm long, pistillode sub-globose, c. 1 mm ø. Female rachis c. 10 cm, 3 mm ø; ♀ flowers solitary or rarely in clusters of 2-3, perianth 6-7-lobed, staminodes 12, rather well-developed but not exceeding the perianth, styles 3-4, conical, 1-1½ mm, recurved. Ripe cupule sessile, obconical, 3-4 cm long, 4-6 cm ø; wall woody up to 8 mm thick; outside densely greyish brown stellate-hairy, upper half with short, thick, pointed tubercles, spirally set, lower half with irregularly set tubercles; covering the greater part of the fruit except for an opening of 1½-3 cm ø; base acute, top truncate or rotundate. Ripe fruit subhemispherical, 2-3 cm long, 4-5 cm ø; wall woody, 3-7 mm thick, for the greater part adnate to the cupule, base rounded, top (free part) depressed-umbonate, densely greyish brown to-mentose.
Life form -
Growth form tree
Growth support free-standing
Foliage retention evergreen
Sexuality monoecy
Pollination -
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Mature width (meter) -
Mature height (meter) 24.0 - 36.0
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Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway c3

Environment

Forests, up to 1000 m. Fr. March-Nov.
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Hardiness (USDA) 10-12

Usage

Uses -
Edible -
Therapeutic use -
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

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Distribution

Lithocarpus pulcher world distribution map, present in Indonesia and Malaysia

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:358955-1
WFO ID wfo-0000230189
COL ID 3VK47
BDTFX ID -
INPN ID -
Wikipedia (EN)
Wikipedia (FR)

Synonyms

Lithocarpus pulcher Quercus pulchra Synaedrys pulchra