Lithocarpus urceolaris (Jack) Merr.

Species

Angiosperms > Fagales > Fagaceae > Lithocarpus

Characteristics

Tree 15-33, 20-130 cm ø; buttresses up to 2 m tall, spreading; bark greyish brown, smooth to deeply fissured or scaly. Branchlets initially densely fulvous to rufous tomentose by simple and stellate hairs, later subglabrous, sparsely to densely lenticellate; terminal buds ovoid-ellipsoid, 4-5 by 2-3 mm, scales linear. Leaves thick-coriaceous, (10-)18-25(-35) by (5-)8-10(-17) cm (index 1.7-3.4), broadest about the middle; above glabrous, or sometimes with some rufous tomentum on midrib and nerves, dull to glossy, underneath glaucous-tomentose by adpressed stellate hairs; base rounded to acute, margin recurved, top bluntly to sharply acute to 1-2 cm acuminate; midrib strongly prominent on both surfaces; nerves (7-)9-10(-12) pairs, flat on both sides, parallel, at an angle of 45-60°, arcuating but not anastomosing towards the margin; reticulation dense,fine, scalariform, obscure to distinct beneath; petiole (½-)1-1½(-2½) cm, 2-3 mm ø, subglabrous, adaxially flat. Inflorescence male or androgynous, densely yellowish brown stellate hairy; bract and bracteoles narrowly ovate, 1-1½ by ½ mm. Male rachis 15-20 cm, 2-3 mm ø; ♂ flowers in clusters of 3, filaments 3-5 mm, anthers 0.20-0.35 mm long, pistillode globose, c. 1½ mm ø. Androgynous rachis 10-25 cm, 2-3 mm ø; female flowers solitary, rarely in clusters of 3, staminodes rudimentary, styles 3-4, conical, 1-2 mm, recurved. Ripe cupule sessile to 1 cm stalked, deeply cup-shaped, 1⅓-2 cm long, 4-5 cm ø, rim recurved (sometimes very strongly), entire or undulate, covering ⅓-½ part of the fruit; wall woody, densely glaucous to fulvous adpressed stellate-tomentose; lamellae thin, obscure, denticulate, the scales sometimes rather distinct. Ripe fruit depressed subglobose or globular-cylindrical, 3-4 cm in size, top rounded to depressed-umbonate, base truncate, scar deeply concave, conical, c. 1½-2 cm ø; wall woody, 2-4 mm thick, outside densely greyish tomentose by adpressed simple hairs, greater part free from the cupule; cotyledons flat-convex.
Life form -
Growth form tree
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Foliage retention evergreen
Sexuality monoecy
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Mature height (meter) 25.0
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Environment

In primary, also in secondary and swamp forests, up to 1800 m, on granitic sandy or loamy soil. Fertility seems to be throughout the year, with the fruit ripe between Aug. and Febr.
More
Found on various types of soil in primary and secondary mixed dipterocarp, peatswamp, riparian, kerangas to lower montane forests; at elevations up to 1,200 metres.
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Hardiness (USDA) 9-12

Usage

Uses charcoal dye wood
Edible seeds
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Cultivation

Can be grown by seedlings.
Mode seedlings
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Distribution

Lithocarpus urceolaris world distribution map, present in Indonesia, Iceland, Sri Lanka, and Malaysia

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:359040-1
WFO ID wfo-0000230307
COL ID 3VK72
BDTFX ID -
INPN ID -
Wikipedia (EN)
Wikipedia (FR)

Synonyms

Lithocarpus craterophorus Pasania craterophora Lithocarpus urceolaris Quercus oligoneura Quercus urceolaris Pasania oligoneura Pasania urceolaris