Lithocarpus wallichianus (lindl. ex Hance) Rehder

Species

Angiosperms > Fagales > Fagaceae > Lithocarpus

Characteristics

Tree 10-30 m, 10-90 cm ø. Branchlets initially densely set with fulvous erect stellate hairs, angular, later subglabrous, terete, slender, dark greyish brown, sparsely to densely lenticellate; terminal buds ovoid-globose, 2-5 by 2-3 mm, scales ovate to linear. Stipules lanceolate to linear, 2½-5 by 1-1½ mm. Leaves rigid, coriaceous, (10-)14-18(-7) cm (index (2½-)3-3½(-5)), broadest at or above the middle; surfaces discolorous, above pale chocolate-brown, with erect stellate hairs especially on the midrib and nerves, underneath densely set with pale yellowish brown, adpressed and erect stellate hairs; base acute, margin recurved, top acute to 1-2 cm acuminate; midrib strongly prominent on both sides; nerves (10-)12-16(-18) pairs, prominent beneath, impressed above, subparallel at an angle of 50-60°, arcuating and faintly anastomosing near the margin; reticulation dense, scalariform, distinct beneath; petiole (5-)10-12(-17) mm, 1-2 mm ø, densely stellate hairy, adaxially flat or furrowed. Inflorescence male, androgynous or mixed, densely yellowish brown to fulvous stellate hairy; bracts and bracteoles ovate, 1-1½ by ½-⅔ mm. Male rachis 10-15 cm, 2 mm ø; ♂ flowers in clusters of 3, filaments 3-5 mm, anthers 0.35 mm long, pistillode subglobose, c. 1 mm ø. Androgynous or mixed rachis 10-20 cm, 1½-2 mm ø; female flowers in clusters of 3, stami-nodes rudimentary, styles 3, conical, 1-3 mm, recurved. Ripe cupule subsessile, saucer-to cup-shaped, 3-5 mm long, 1.5-1.7 cm ø; rim thin, covering the basal part of the fruit; wall woody, 1-2 mm thick, inside densely fulvous tomentose by adpressed simple hairs, outside densely fulvous to rufous stellate hairy; scales set in concentric rows, adpressed. Ripe fruit depressed ovoid to subhemispherical, 1-1½ cm long, 1.8-2 cm ø, densely pale yellowish brown tomentose by adpressed, minute simple hairs, top depressed-umbo-nate, base rotundate, scar concave, 8-10 mm ø; wall woody, c. 1 mm thick, for the greater part free from the cupule.
More
A tree. It grows 40 m tall. The trunk is 90 cm across. The leaves are leathery. They are oval and 11-15 cm long by 2-5 cm wide. Flowers can be male, both sexes or mixed. The fruit cups occur in groups of 2-3. They are saucer shaped and without a stalk. The acorns or nuts are oval and 1-2 cm across.
Life form -
Growth form tree
Growth support -
Foliage retention evergreen
Sexuality monoecy
Pollination -
Spread -
Mature width (meter) 0.9
Mature height (meter) 15.0 - 27.5
Root system -
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Flower color
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Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway -

Environment

Mixed dipterocarp forest on hills; at elevations up to 500 metres. Primary forests, usually growing on poor soils; at elevations up to 1,600 metres.
More
Primary forests, from sea-level up to 1600 m, usually on poor soil. Fl. Dec-May, fr. July-Febr.
It is a tropical plant.
Light -
Soil humidity -
Soil texture 5-8
Soil acidity -
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 9-12

Usage

The seed are usually cooked before eating.
Uses charcoal dye food material wood
Edible fruits nuts seeds
Therapeutic use -
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Can be grown by seedlings.
Mode seedlings
Germination duration (days) -
Germination temperacture (C°) -
Germination luminosity -
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Optimum temperature (C°) -
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Distribution

Lithocarpus wallichianus world distribution map, present in Indonesia, Iceland, Malaysia, Oman, Singapore, and Thailand

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:359050-1
WFO ID wfo-0000230320
COL ID 3VK7B
BDTFX ID -
INPN ID -
Wikipedia (EN)
Wikipedia (FR)

Synonyms

Quercus wallichiana Lithocarpus wallichianus Pasania wallichiana Synaedrys wallichiana