Lithospermum erythrorhizon Siebold & Zucc.

Lithospermum (en)

Species

Angiosperms > Boraginales > Boraginaceae > Lithospermum

Characteristics

Herbs perennial. Roots dark red, with a copious purple dye. Stems usually 1-3, erect, appressed or spreading, branching distally, 40-90 cm tall, short strigose; branches ascending, frequently slightly curved. Leaves sessile, ovate-lanceolate to broadly lanceolate, 3-8 × 0.7-1.7 cm, short strigose, base attenuate, apex acuminate; veins prominent abaxially, more densely strigose. Inflorescences terminal, 2-6 cm, elongated in fruit; bracts similar to leaves but smaller. Calyx lobes linear, ca. 4 mm, to 9 mm in fruit, short strigose outside. Corolla white, 7-9 mm, sparsely pubescent outside; tube ca. 4 mm; throat appendages semiglobose, glabrous; limb ca. as long as tube; lobes spreading, broadly ovate, 2.5-3 mm, margin entire or subundulate, apex sometimes retuse. Stamens inserted slightly above middle of corolla tube; filaments ca. 0.4 mm; anthers 1-1.2 mm. Style 2.2-2.5 mm. Nutlets white or pale yellowish brown, ovoid, ca. 3.5 mm, smooth, shiny, concave adaxially with center line forming a longitudinal groove. Fl. and fr. Jun-Sep. 2n = 28.
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A herb. It keeps growing from year to year. The roots are dark red with a purple dye. There are usually 1-3 erect stems. They are 40-90 cm tall. The leaves do not have stalks. They are broadly sword shaped and 3-8 cm long by 1-2 cm wide. The flowers are at the top of the plant. They are white.
Life form perennial
Growth form herb
Growth support -
Foliage retention -
Sexuality hermaphrodite
Pollination -
Spread -
Mature width (meter) 0.3
Mature height (meter) 0.7
Root system fibrous-root
Rooting depth (meter) -
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color
Blooming months -
Fruit color -
Fruiting months
JanFebMar
AprMayJun
JulAugSep
OctNovDec
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway -

Environment

Grassy slopes in mountains and hills all over Japan. Dry stony slopes among shrubby thickets.
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It is a temperate plant. It grows in meadows on slopes.
Light 4-9
Soil humidity 4-6
Soil texture 1-6
Soil acidity 3-7
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 5-8

Usage

The root is used in brewing. It is used for an edible red colouring. The young leaves are pan fried.
Uses dye material medicinal
Edible leaves roots
Therapeutic use Abscess (unspecified), Alexiteric (unspecified), Boil (unspecified), Bulla (unspecified), Burn (unspecified), Chilblain (unspecified), Depurative (unspecified), Dermatitis (unspecified), Dye (unspecified), Eruption (unspecified), Fever (unspecified), Hemostat (unspecified), Measles (unspecified), Piles (unspecified), Preventitive (unspecified), Tumor (unspecified), Wound (unspecified), Eczema (unspecified), Laxative (unspecified), Scald (unspecified), Variola (unspecified)
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Can be grown by cuttings or seedlings.
Mode cuttings seedlings
Germination duration (days) -
Germination temperacture (C°) -
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment -
Minimum temperature (C°) -
Optimum temperature (C°) -
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Images

Lithospermum erythrorhizon unspecified picture

Distribution

Lithospermum erythrorhizon world distribution map, present in China, Japan, Liberia, and Korea (Democratic People's Republic of)

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:118039-1
WFO ID wfo-0000361959
COL ID 6QKLW
BDTFX ID -
INPN ID -
Wikipedia (EN) Link
Wikipedia (FR)

Synonyms

Lithospermum murasakii Lithospermum erythrorhizon Lithospermum murasaki Lithospermum officinale subsp. erythrorhizon Lithospermum officinale var. erythrorhizon