Loudetia simplex (Nees) C.E.Hubb.

Common russet grass (en)

Species

Angiosperms > Poales > Poaceae > Loudetia

Characteristics

Tufted perennial, 0.4-1.5 m high; basal leaf sheaths densely silky hairy, rarely glabrescent, splitting into fibres; culm unbranched after first node. Leaf blade 100-300 x 5 mm, flat or convolute, rarely filiform; ligule a fringe of hairs. Inflorescence a linear to narrowly ovate, contracted or loose panicle; branches and pedicels scabrid, glabrous or sometimes hairy; pedicels free. Spikelets 7-13 mm long, laterally to not noticeably compressed; glumes very unequal, truncate, obtuse, glabrous or with white hairs from rows of dark brown or black tubercles; lower glume usually 1/3-1/2 as long as upper glume; upper glume as long as spikelet. Florets 2; lower floret male or rarely sterile, lemma 3-nerved, rounded on back; upper floret bisexual, lemma 5-9-nerved, 2-lobed, acute, glabrous or hairy, hairs not in tufts; central awn 25-50 mm long, twisted below; callus narrowly oblong, 2-toothed in mature specimens; anther 2.6-4.2 mm long. Flowering time July-June.
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Tufted perennial; culms 30–150 cm. high, usually erect, the nodes yellowish to black and glabrous to bearded; basal leaf-sheaths usually becoming fibrous, typically woolly tomentose but sometimes silky pubescent to glabrescent.. Leaf-blades linear, flat or convolute, rarely filiform, 10–30 cm. long, 2–5 mm. wide.. Panicle linear to narrowly ovate, 10–30 cm. long, contracted or loose, the branches seldom markedly whorled.. Spikelets narrowly lanceolate, 8–13 mm. long, light to dark brown, mostly glabrous but sometimes setose from dark tubercles; lower glume ovate-elliptic, usually 1/3 as long as the spikelet and broadly obtuse but sometimes 1/2 as long and narrowly obtuse; upper glume lanceolate, as long as the spikelet, obtuse; lower lemma similar to the upper glume; upper lemma 4–7 mm. long, pubescent, acutely bidentate (lobes 0.2–1 mm. long); awn 2.5–5 cm. long; callus narrowly oblong, 0.8–1 mm. long, 2-toothed; stamens 2.. Fig. 114.
Tufted perennial 400-1500 mm high; basal leaf sheaths densely hairy, not woolly hairy, sometime silky pubescent to glabrescent, splitting into fibres; culm unbranched after first node. Leaf blade 100-300 x 5 mm, flat or convolute, rarely filiform; ligule a conspicuous fringe of hairs. Inflorescence linear to narrowly ovate, contracted or loose; branches and pedicels glabrous, scabrid or sometimes hairy. Spikelet 7-13 mm long; glumes glabrous or with few to many white hairs from rows of dark brown or black tubercles; lower glume usually 1/3-1/2 as long as upper glume, obtuse to truncate; upper glume as long as spikelet; lower lemma similar to upper lemma; upper lemma lobe 1 mm long, acute; central awn 25-50 mm long; callus of upper floret narrowly oblong, 2-toothed in mature specimens; stamens 2; anther 2.6-4.2 mm long.
Perennial; up to 1.5 m high; tufted. Culms erect. Leaf blades 100-300 x 5 mm; old lower sheaths fibrous. Flowers: in an open to contracted panicle; spikelets 7-13 mm long; lower glume obtuse or truncate; upper female-fertile lemma lobes acute; 1 mm long; central awn 25-50 mm long; callus of female-fertile floret clearly 2-toothed in mature specimens; stamens 2.
Perennial, tufted, up to 1.5 m high. Leaf blades 100-300 mm long, 5 mm wide. Spikelets 7-13 mm long; lower glume obtuse or truncate; female-fertile (upper) lemma lobes acute, 1 mm long, central awn 25-50 mm long; callus of female-fertile floret clearly 2-toothed in mature specimens; stamens 2.
Tufted perennial, the basal leaf-sheaths usually becoming fibrous, typically woolly tomentose but sometimes silky pubescent to glabrecent.
Panicle 5–30 int. long, linear to narrowly ovate, the branches contracted or loose but seldom markedly whorled.
Inferior glume obtuse; superior glume and inferior lemma obtuse to acute.
Spikelets 8–14 mm. long, glabrous or tuberculate-setose.
Superior lemma bidentate with teeth 0.2–1 mm. long.
Callus 0.8–1 mm. long, narrowly oblong, 2-toothed.
Tufted perennial 0·3–1·6 m. high
Culms 30–150 cm. high.
Stamens 2.
Life form perennial
Growth form herb
Growth support free-standing
Foliage retention deciduous
Sexuality hermaphrodite
Pollination -
Spread -
Mature width (meter) -
Mature height (meter) 0.4 - 1.5
Root system -
Rooting depth (meter) 0.5
Root diameter (meter) 0.4
Flower color -
Blooming months -
Fruit color -
Fruiting months -
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway c4

Environment

A common grass on shallow soils.
Light -
Soil humidity 1-3
Soil texture 5-6
Soil acidity -
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 9-12

Usage

Uses animal food fodder material medicinal
Edible -
Therapeutic use -
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Mode -
Germination duration (days) -
Germination temperacture (C°) -
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment -
Minimum temperature (C°) -
Optimum temperature (C°) 22 - 28
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Images

Loudetia simplex unspecified picture

Distribution

Loudetia simplex world distribution map, present in Angola, Benin, Burkina Faso, Central African Republic, Congo, Ethiopia, Gabon, Ghana, Guinea, Gambia, Kenya, Liberia, Madagascar, Mali, Mozambique, Nigeria, Rwanda, Sudan, Senegal, Sierra Leone, eSwatini, Chad, Togo, Tanzania, United Republic of, Uganda, South Africa, Zambia, and Zimbabwe

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:407627-1
WFO ID wfo-0000878679
COL ID 6QNPG
BDTFX ID -
INPN ID -
Wikipedia (EN) Link
Wikipedia (FR) Link

Synonyms

Loudetia perrieri Loudetia pilgeriana Loudetia simplex Trichopteryx camerunensis Trichopteryx gracilis Tristachya elegans Tristachya simplex Arundinella hildebrandtii Loudetia camerunensis Loudetia madagascariensis Trichopteryx elegans Trichopteryx nigritiana Arundinella simplex Arundinella stipoides Loudetia elegans Stipa madagascariensis Trichopteryx elisabethvilleana Trichopteryx incompta Trichopteryx kapiriensis Trichopteryx simplex Trichopteryx stipoides Trichopteryx elegans var. subulifolia Trichopteryx simplex var. crinita Trichopteryx simplex var. gracilis Trichopteryx simplex var. longifolia Trichopteryx simplex var. minor Trichopteryx simplex var. sericea Trichopteryx stipoides var. natalensis Loudetia simplex subsp. stipoides Loudetia stipoides