Macrotyloma axillare (E.Mey.) Verdc.

Perennial horsegram (en)

Species

Angiosperms > Fabales > Fabaceae > Macrotyloma

Characteristics

Perennial climbing or trailing herb 0·2–3·5 m. long; rootstock often very stout and woody.. Stems with adpressed, spreading or tangled yellowish hairs or glabrescent.. Leaflets 3(–4), elliptic, ovate-lanceolate, ovate or subrhombic, 1·1–7·5 cm. long, 0·7–4·2 cm. wide, rounded to acuminate and mucronulate at the apex, rounded to subacute at the base, pubescent to glabrous on both surfaces; petiole 1–5·5 cm. long; rhachis 2–11 mm. long; petiolules 1–3 mm. long; stipules ovate-lanceolate, 2–5 mm. long, veined.. Flowers axillary in 2–4(–10)-flowered fascicles; peduncles obsolete or very short; pedicels 2–3 mm. long; bracts ± persistent, linear-lanceolate, 2–3 mm. long; bracteoles persistent, linear, 2·5–3 mm. long.. Calyx pubescent; tube ± 2 mm. long; lobes lanceolate, 2·5–5 mm. long, narrowly acuminate, the upper pair almost or entirely joined.. Standard whitish or green to yellow with crimson or purplish spot inside near the centre, oblong-elliptic, 1–2·4 cm. long, 0·6–1·5 cm. wide, emarginate, the internal appendages very well marked, ± 5 mm. long; wings and keel greenish to yellow.. Pods linear-oblong, 3–8 cm. long, (5–)6–8 mm. wide, glabrous to pubescent, acuminate.. Seeds buff to dark red with sparse to very dense black mottling, rounded or ellipsoid, compressed, longest dimension 3–4·2 mm., shorter dimension 2·5–3 mm., 0·6–1·5 mm. thick; hilum small, central; rim-aril obsolete.
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Climbing or trailing herb up to 3.5 m long, from a perennial woody rootstock. Stems annual, glabrous or with golden appressed or spreading pubescence. Leaves 3-foliolate; leaflets 1-6.8 x 0.5-4 cm, elliptic to ovate, pubescent to glabrous on both surfaces, generally obtuse to slightly acuminate at the apex, mucronulate, rounded at the base; petiole 8-45 mm long; rhachis 2-8 mm long; petiolules 2 mm long; stipules 2-5 x 1-2 mm, ovate, truncate at the base, striate; stipels 2-3 mm long, linear. Flowers axillary, in pairs or in 3-4(10)-flowered fascicles; pedicels 2-3 mm long; bracts 2-3 mm long, linear-lanceolate; bracteoles 2-5 mm long, linear. Calyx pubescent; tube 2-3 mm long; lobes 2-5 mm long, triangular, acuminate, upper pair completely fused. Standard white, green to yellow with purple blotch at base, 12-30 x 6-18 mm, oblong to oblong-elliptic, emarginate, with lamelliform appendages up to 7 mm long; wings 10-18 mm long; keel 8-18 mm long. Ovary 4-5 mm long, densely appresssed sericeous-pilose. Pods 3-8 cm x 5-8 mm, linear-oblong, compressed, glabrous to pubescent, 3-8-seeded; beak 3-15 mm long. Seeds beige to deep red mottled black, 3-4 x 2-3 x 0.5-1.5 mm; hilum small, central.
Perennial, climbing or trailing herb, up to 3.5 m long; stems with dense spreading hairs, arising from a stout woody rootstock. Leaves pinnately trifoliolate. Leaflets elliptic, ovate or subrhombic, often with a margin of whitish hairs. Stipules ovate-lanceolate. Flowers axillary, in 2-4(-10)-flowered fascicles, whitish, yellow-green to yellow with a purplish spot on inside of standard petal near centre. Flowering time Aug.-Mar., sometimes to June. Pod linear-oblong, compressed, beaked, glabrous to pubescent.
Leaves 3-foliolate; leaflets 1–6.8 × 0.5–4 cm, elliptic to ovate, pubescent to glabrous on both surfaces, generally obtuse to slightly acuminate at the apex, mucronulate, rounded at the base; petiole 8–45 mm long; rhachis 2–8 mm long; petiolules 2 mm long; stipules 2–5 × 1–2 mm, ovate, truncate at the base, striate; stipels 2–3 mm long, linear.
A herb. It is a slender vine. The leaves are compound. The leaflets are 2-7 cm long by 2-4 cm wide. The leaves are hairy. The flowers are in a compact group. The flowers are 9-11 mm across. The fruit is a flat pod 4-5 cm long by 1 cm wide. They are hairy. There are 4-8 seeds in each pod.
Standard white, green to yellow with purple blotch at base, 12–30 × 6–18 mm, oblong to oblong-elliptic, emarginate, with lamelliform appendages up to 7 mm long; wings 10–18 mm long; keel 8–18 mm long.
Flowers axillary, in pairs or in 3–4(10)-flowered fascicles; pedicels 2–3 mm long; bracts 2–3 mm long, linear-lanceolate; bracteoles 2–5 mm long, linear.
Calyx pubescent; tube 2–3 mm long; lobes 2–5 mm long, triangular, acuminate, upper pair completely fused.
Pods 3–8 cm × 5–8 mm, linear-oblong, compressed, glabrous to pubescent, 3–8-seeded; beak 3–15 mm long.
Seeds beige to deep red mottled black, 3–4 × 2–3 × 0.5–1.5 mm; hilum small, central.
Climbing or trailing herb up to 3.5 m long, from a perennial woody rootstock.
Stems annual, glabrous or with golden appressed or spreading pubescence.
Ovary 4–5 mm long, densely appresssed sericeous-pilose.
Life form perennial
Growth form herb
Growth support climber
Foliage retention -
Sexuality hermaphrodite
Pollination -
Spread -
Mature width (meter) -
Mature height (meter) 0.91 - 1.22
Root system -
Rooting depth (meter) 1.5
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color
Blooming months -
Fruit color -
Fruiting months -
Nitrogen fixer rhizobia
Photosynthetic pathway c3

Environment

It is a subtropical plant. In NE Queensland it grows between 750-1,000 m above sea level.
Light -
Soil humidity -
Soil texture 5-6
Soil acidity -
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 9-12

Usage

Uses animal food environmental use experimental purposes fodder forage medicinal pasture
Edible roots
Therapeutic use -
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Mode -
Germination duration (days) -
Germination temperacture (C°) -
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment -
Minimum temperature (C°) -
Optimum temperature (C°) 20 - 28
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Images

Macrotyloma axillare unspecified picture

Distribution

Macrotyloma axillare world distribution map, present in Angola, Australia, Burundi, Brazil, Botswana, Cameroon, Comoros, Ethiopia, Ghana, Guinea, Kenya, Sri Lanka, Madagascar, Mozambique, Mauritius, Malawi, Namibia, Nigeria, Papua New Guinea, Réunion, Rwanda, Saudi Arabia, Senegal, Sierra Leone, Somalia, Togo, Thailand, Tanzania, United Republic of, Uganda, Yemen, South Africa, Zambia, and Zimbabwe

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:505853-1
WFO ID wfo-0000181770
COL ID 3XCNT
BDTFX ID -
INPN ID 706511
Wikipedia (EN)
Wikipedia (FR)

Synonyms

Macrotyloma axillare Dolichos axillaris

Lower taxons

Macrotyloma axillare var. axillare Macrotyloma axillare var. macranthum Macrotyloma axillare var. glabrum