Macrozamia communis L.A.S.Johnson

Burrawong (en)

Species

Gymnosperms > Cycadales > Zamiaceae > Macrozamia

Characteristics

A medium sized cycad. The trunk can be underground or can emerge from the ground. It can be 2 m tall and 20 cm across. The young leaves are light green. There are about 100 mature leaves which form a rounded crown. They are 0.7-2 m long by 30-50 cm wide. They are bright green. They arch over. The leaf stalk is 10-40 cm long. It is swollen and woolly at the base. There are 70-130 leaflets on each leaf. They tend to be crowded near the middle of the leaf. They have a sharp tip. The lower leaflets are like spines. The average leaflet is 15-35 cm long and 0.5-1.2 cm wide. The cones are different. The male cones are 20-45 cm long by 8-14 cm wide. They are usually curved and green with 1-5 on each plant. The female cones are 20-45 cm long by 10-20 cm wide and barrel shaped with 1-3 on each plant. The seeds are 2.5-3 cm long by 1.5-2 cm wide. They are oval and can be yellow, orange or red.
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Plants acaulescent, rarely caulescent; stem 0-1.5 m tall, 40-90 cm diam.; 50-150 leaves in crown. Leaves 140-250 cm long, flat (not keeled) in section, with 70-150 pinnae, dark green, semi-glossy; petiole 12-40 cm long, 10-16 mm wide at lowest pinna. Basal pinnae reducing to spines. Median pinnae simple, 16-36 cm long, 8-13 mm wide, strongly discolorous; margins flat; apex entire, spinescent. Pollen cones narrowly ovoid to fusiform, 25-45 cm long, 8-12 cm diam.; microsporophyll lamina 20-40 mm long, 15-25 mm wide; apical spine 5-50 mm long. Seed cones ovoid, 20-45 cm long, 10-20 cm diam.; megasporophyll with an expanded, peltate apex 30-85 mm wide and 15-43 mm long; apical spine 8-80 mm long. Seeds flattened-ovoid, 30-45 mm long, 20-30 mm wide; sarcotesta red.
Life form perennial
Growth form shrub
Growth support free-standing
Foliage retention evergreen
Sexuality dioecy
Pollination entomogamy
Spread -
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Mature height (meter) 2.0
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Nitrogen fixer nostocaceae
Photosynthetic pathway c3

Environment

Locally abundant in wet to dry sclerophyll forests, mostly on old beach sands but also on shallow sandy or stony soils on ridges, sometimes forming dense stands where it is the dominant understory plant.; at elevations up to 300 metres.
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It is a warm temperate climate plant. It tends to grow on sand and gravel in coastal warm temperate areas in Eastern Australia. It can tolerate frost. It suits hardiness zones 9-11. Melbourne Botanical Gardens. Arboretum Tasmania.
Locally abundant in wet to dry sclerophyll forests, mostly on old beach sands but also in shallow sandy or stony soils on ridges.
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Hardiness (USDA) 9-11

Usage

CAUTION The seeds are poisonous without proper processing. The seed kernels are eaten after proper processing. The treatment includes leaching and aging. They are made into a kind of bread.
Uses environmental use medicinal poison
Edible nuts seeds stems
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Cultivation

Plants are grown from seed.
Mode seedlings
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Images

Macrozamia communis unspecified picture

Distribution

Macrozamia communis world distribution map, present in Australia

Conservation status

Macrozamia communis threat status: Least Concern

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:871786-1
WFO ID wfo-0000451748
COL ID 3XCYJ
BDTFX ID -
INPN ID -
Wikipedia (EN) Link
Wikipedia (FR)

Synonyms

Macrozamia pulchra Macrozamia communis Macrozamia amabilis Macrozamia hillii Macrozamia eximia Macrozamia spiralis var. eximia Macrozamia spiralis var. fraseri Macrozamia spiralis var. hillii Encephalartos spiralis var. major Macrozamia tridentata f. hillii Macrozamia tridentata f. vavilovii