Manilkara bidentata (A.Dc.) A.Chev.

Bulletwood (en)

Species

Angiosperms > Ericales > Sapotaceae > Manilkara

Characteristics

Tree to 35 m. Leaves with petioles 1.3-4.2 cm long; blades narrowly obovate or sometimes elliptic, obtuse or rounded to shallowly emarginate or short-acu-minate, 6-30 cm long, 3-12 cm broad, glabrous, the primary laterals fine and rather closely spaced, occasionally subobscure. Flowers 3-12 per fascicle, the fas-cicles axillary to both leaves and leaf-scars; pedicels glabrous, 1.2-3 cm long; sepals ovate or ovate-oblong, 4-6 mm long, the inner minutely appressed-sericeous, the outer soon glabrate; corolla 5-7 mm long, subrotate, the tube ca 1/5 the total length, the lobes narrowly elliptic-lanceolate, the dorsal appendages as broad as and usually slightly longer than the lobes, free from the lobes to the tube, distally divided for ca 2/3 of their length into 2 or 3 slender lanceolate segments; staminodes 1.2-3 mm long, ovate-lanceolate, erose; staminal filaments equalling or slightly exceeding the staminodes; ovary glabrate, the style glabrous, 4-5 mm long. Fruit smooth or slightly roughened, globose or ellipsoid-globose, 2-3.5 cm long.
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A large tree. It can grow 35 m high. The trunk is large and there are small buttresses. The bark has vertical cracks. The leaves are simple and alternate. The leaves are tightly bunched at the ends of the branches. The leaves are 6-30 cm long by 3-12 cm wide. The leaves are shiny green above and light brown underneath. The flowers are small and white or yellow. The fruit are round with a small tip. They turn orange when ripe. There are one or two seeds. The are dark brown with a light brown patch. They are a flattened oval shaped and 2 cm long by 1 cm wide.
Life form perennial
Growth form tree
Growth support free-standing
Foliage retention evergreen
Sexuality hermaphrodite
Pollination -
Spread -
Mature width (meter) -
Mature height (meter) 30.25 - 30.5
Root system tap-root
Rooting depth (meter) 0.8
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color -
Blooming months
JanFebMar
AprMayJun
JulAugSep
OctNovDec
Fruit color -
Fruiting months -
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway c3

Environment

Moist coastal and limestone forests to lower mountain forests at elevations from near sea level up to 600 metres.
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It is a tropical plant. It grows in wet lowland forest. It can be on sand or clay soil.
Light 3-6
Soil humidity 5-7
Soil texture 1-4
Soil acidity 1-3
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 10-12

Usage

The latex has been used for chewing gum.
Uses gum material medicinal timber wood
Edible flowers fruits saps seeds
Therapeutic use -
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Plants are grown from seed.
Mode seedlings
Germination duration (days) -
Germination temperacture (C°) -
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment -
Minimum temperature (C°) -
Optimum temperature (C°) -
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Images

Leaf

Manilkara bidentata leaf picture by Lisa Moreno (cc-by-sa)
Manilkara bidentata leaf picture by Lisa Moreno (cc-by-sa)

Distribution

Manilkara bidentata world distribution map, present in Bolivia (Plurinational State of), Brazil, Dominica, Ecuador, Guyana, Panama, Peru, Puerto Rico, Suriname, and Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic of)

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1032531-2
WFO ID wfo-0000235825
COL ID 6R6H5
BDTFX ID -
INPN ID 630092
Wikipedia (EN) Link
Wikipedia (FR) Link

Synonyms

Mimusops bidentata Mimusops balata Manilkara bidentata var. cruegeri Mimusops balata var. sieberi Manilkara bidentata

Lower taxons

Manilkara bidentata subsp. bidentata Manilkara bidentata subsp. surinamensis