Female flowers pedicellate, the pedicels elongating in fruit; calyx lobes 3(6), ± imbricate; petals and disk absent; ovary (2)3(5)-locular, with 1 ovule per locule; styles (2)3(5), united at the base, entire, straight, becoming reflexed, stigmas canaliculate, papillulose.
Inflorescences terminal on short lateral shoots, spicate or racemose, usually bisexual with 1–5 female flowers at the base and a dense head of male flowers at the apex; bracts glandular at the base, the male bracts small, 3–5-flowered, the female bracts 1-flowered.
Male flowers subsessile or shortly pedicellate; calyx lobes 2–3(4), imbricate; petals and disk absent; stamens (1)2–3, filaments united into a column, exserted, anthers basifixed, bithecous, longitudinally dehiscent; pistillode absent.
Seeds obovoid; sarcotesta smooth, shiny; endotesta crustaceous, smooth, rugulose or foveolate; caruncle large, conical, 2-lobed, fleshy; albumen fleshy; cotyledons broad, flat.
Fruits ± globose or slightly (2)3(5)-lobed, dehiscing into bivalved cocci; exocarpthin, smooth; endocarp ligneous; columella persistent.
Leaves alternate, petiolate, stipulate, simple, entire, penninerved, sparingly glandular beneath.
Monoecious or sometimes dioecious glabrous trees or shrubs.