Melinis minutiflora P.Beauv.

Molassesgrass (en)

Species

Angiosperms > Poales > Poaceae > Melinis

Characteristics

Tufted perennial, 0.8-1.5 m; strongly aromatic, sticky; densely hairy, hairs finely tubercled and exuding drops of viscid oil, smelling of linseed oil. Leaf blade 40-200 x 5-11 mm; ligule a fringe of hairs. Inflorescence a panicle; pedicels glabrous, rarely hairy, scabrous. Spikelets 1.5-2.0 x 0.5 mm, narrowly ovate to narrowly oblong, laterally compressed, glabrous or shortly hairy; glumes unequal; internode absent; lower glume 0.1-0.4 mm long; upper glume as long as spikelet, 7-nerved, obtusely bilobed, mucronate or awnless, rarely with an awn up to 9 mm long, usually glabrous; upper glume and lower lemma grooved between prominent veins. Florets 2; lower floret male or sterile, lemma 5-nerved, acutely bilobed, awnless or awn 5-14 mm long, palea absent; upper floret bisexual, lemma hard, smaller than lower lemma; anther 1.0-1.2 mm long. Flowering time Apr.-June.
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Perennial; culms ascending, often matted, up to about 1 m. high.. Leaf-blades flat, 5–20 cm. long, 3–11 mm. wide, the blades and sheaths tomentose with hairs which are often sticky and sometimes smelling strongly of linseed oil.. Panicle lanceolate to narrowly ovate, 10–30 cm. long, dense, often purplish; pedicels scaberulous (very rarely with a few long hairs).. Spikelets narrowly oblong, 1.5–2(–2.4) mm. long, glabrous or sometimes hairy; lower glume sometimes almost suppressed, but usually a little oblong scale 0.2–0.5 mm. long; upper glume straight on the back, prominently 7-nerved, these forming raised ribs, obtusely bilobed, with or without a mucro up to 0.5 mm. long; lower floret barren without a palea, the lemma 5-nerved, these forming ribs, acutely bilobed, with an awn up to 15 mm. long or sometimes awnless; upper lemma as long as the palea.. Fig. 124.
Perennial. Culms tufted, geniculately ascending, rooting at lower nodes, 50–150 cm tall. Leaf sheaths and blades densely tomentose with glandular hairs, slightly sticky with a strong smell; leaf blades linear, 5–20 × 0.5–1.5 cm. Panicle purplish, narrowly ovate, 10–20 cm; pedicels glabrous, scaberulous, rarely with a few hairs toward the apex. Spikelets narrowly ovate-oblong, 1.7–2.2 mm; lower glume ovate, 0.1–0.4 mm, veinless; upper glume prominently 7-veined, obtusely 2-lobed, awnless or with a mucro to 1 mm from the sinus; lower floret neuter without a palea, lemma similar to upper glume but narrower, prominently 5-veined, acutely 2-lobed, awnless or with a slender awn to 15 mm from the sinus; upper floret whitish, thinly cartilaginous, smooth, shining, slightly shorter than lower lemma. Fl. and fr. Jul–Oct. 2n = 36.
Tufted perennial 800-1 500 mm; densely hairy, strongly aromatic and sticky as hairs finely tubercled, exuding drops of viscid oil. Leaf blade 40-200 x 5-11 mm. Inflorescence narrowly ovate; pedicels glabrous, scabrous occasionally with 1-3 long hairs at apex. Spikelet 1.5-2.2(2.4) x 0.5 mm, narrowly ovate to narrowly oblong, glabrous, sometimes shortly hairy; lower glume 0.1-0.4 mm long; upper glume 7-nerved, obtusely bilobed, mucronate or awnless rarely with awn 0.5-9.0 mm long, usually glabrous; internode absent; upper glume and lower lemma deeply grooved between prominent veins; lower lemma 5-nerved, acutely bilobed, awnless or awn 5-14 mm long; lower palea absent; anthers 1.0-1.2 mm long.
Perennial, tufted, 1.5 m high. Leaf blades 40-200 mm long, 5-11 mm wide, leaves strongly aromatic and sticky, hairs finely tubercled, exuding drops of viscid oil. Spikelets 1.5-2.0 mm long, 0.5 mm wide, glabrous and sometimes shortly hairy; upper glume 7-nerved, often with awn 0-9 mm long; upper glume and lower lemma grooved between prominent veins; lower lemma awnless or awned, awn 5-14 mm long.
Inferior glume 0.1–0.4 mm. long, ovate, 0–1-nerved, inserted close to the superior; superior glume prominently 7-nerved, awnless or with a short mucro (rarely conspicuously awned), membranous, obtusely bilobed, glabrous, rarely hairy.
Inferior floret barren without a palea, its lemma prominently 5-nerved, acutely bilobed, equalling the superior glume but narrower, awnless or with an awn up to 14 mm. long.
Leaf laminae (2)4–20 cm. long, (2.5)5–11(19) mm. wide, flat, these and the sheaths densely tomentose and usually sticky with a strong smell of linseed oil.
Leaves covered in sticky hairs and smelling strongly of molasses or linseed oil.
Perennial, erect or ascending from a prostrate base, the culms up to 2 m. long
Spikelets (1.5)1.7– 2.2(2.4) mm. long, narrowly ovate to narrowly oblong.
Pedicels glabrous, rarely with a few hairs towards the apex, scabrous.
Panicle (8)10–20(36) cm. long, narrowly ovate.
Culms (50)80–150 cm. high, ascending.
Tufted perennial.
Life form perennial
Growth form herb
Growth support free-standing
Foliage retention deciduous
Sexuality hermaphrodite
Pollination -
Spread -
Mature width (meter) -
Mature height (meter) 0.9 - 1.25
Root system -
Rooting depth (meter) 0.5
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color -
Blooming months -
Fruit color -
Fruiting months
JanFebMar
AprMayJun
JulAugSep
OctNovDec
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway c4

Environment

Bush, shady places, at forest edges and in open grassland, often on steep, rocky slopes, at elevations up to 2,200 metres.
Light 7-9
Soil humidity 3-6
Soil texture 5-8
Soil acidity -
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 9-12

Usage

Uses animal food environmental use essential oil fodder material medicinal poison
Edible -
Therapeutic use Repellant(Insect) (unspecified)
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Can be grown by seedlings.
Mode seedlings
Germination duration (days) -
Germination temperacture (C°) -
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment -
Minimum temperature (C°) -
Optimum temperature (C°) 22 - 30
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Images

Habit

Melinis minutiflora habit picture by Trap Hers (cc-by-sa)

Leaf

Melinis minutiflora leaf picture by Trap Hers (cc-by-sa)

Distribution

Melinis minutiflora world distribution map, present in Angola, Burkina Faso, Bangladesh, Belize, Bolivia (Plurinational State of), Brazil, Central African Republic, China, Congo, Costa Rica, Cuba, Dominica, Ecuador, Egypt, Ethiopia, Fiji, Gabon, Guinea, Guatemala, Guyana, Honduras, Haiti, Jamaica, Kenya, Liberia, Madagascar, Myanmar, Mozambique, Norfolk Island, Nigeria, Nicaragua, Panama, Peru, Philippines, Puerto Rico, Paraguay, Réunion, Rwanda, Sudan, Senegal, Solomon Islands, Sierra Leone, Somalia, Suriname, eSwatini, Togo, Tonga, Taiwan, Province of China, Tanzania, United Republic of, Uganda, United States of America, Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic of), Viet Nam, South Africa, Zambia, and Zimbabwe

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:408232-1
WFO ID wfo-0000879553
COL ID 3ZFKV
BDTFX ID 168341
INPN ID 447913
Wikipedia (EN) Link
Wikipedia (FR) Link

Synonyms

Agrostis polypogon Melinis purpurea Melinis tenuinervis Suardia picta Panicum melinis Agrostis glutinosa Agrostis glutinosa Melinis maitlandii f. mutica Melinis minutiflora f. inermis Melinis minutiflora f. mutica Muhlenbergia brasiliensis Tristegis glutinosa Panicum minutiflorum Melinis minutiflora var. glutinosa Melinis minutiflora var. inermis Melinis minutiflora var. inodora Melinis minutiflora var. mutica Melinis minutiflora var. pilosa Melinis minutiflora var. setigera Panicum melinis var. inerme Melinis maitlandii Melinis minutiflora