Melodinus australis (F.Muell.) Pierre

Species

Angiosperms > Gentianales > Apocynaceae > Melodinus

Characteristics

Large woody climber. Branchlets glabrous. Leaves: petiole 2-8 mm long, glabrous; blade elliptic, 2.5-17 by 0.7-6.9 cm, 1.3-5 times as long as wide, apex acute to shortly acuminate with a blunt apex, base cuneate to obtuse, glabrous above and beneath, 10-28 pairs of secondary veins, ascending and anastomosing near margin, tertiary venation mostly obscure. Inflorescence 1.5-3 cm long, glabrous throughout; peduncle 0-0.2 cm long; pedicels 2.5-4 mm long. Sepals ovate, 1.6-2.4 by 0.8-1.6 mm, 1.1-2.1 times as long as wide, apex obtuse to rounded, glabrous, ciliate. Corolla white, cream or yellow; tube 5.2-12 mm long, 2.2-4.7 times as long as sepals, 2.4-4.5 times as long as lobes, glabrous outside, glabrous or sparsely pubescent around stamens inside; lobes strongly falcate with a sharp projection or slightly fimbriate projection to one side, 1.5-3.1 by 2.7-3.8 mm (counting the projection as part of the width), 0.6-0.8 times as long as wide, glabrous inside and outside; corona of 5 free triangular or simple lobes at sinuses, more rarely these bifid to base which then appears as 10 lobes, 0.5-1.1 mm long. Stamens inserted at 1.5-2.5 mm from corolla base which is 0.3 of tube length; filaments 0.6-1 mm long; anthers 1.3-1.7 by 0.4-0.5 mm. Ovary 1-1.5 mm high; style 1.1-1.5 mm long; style head 1-1.5 mm long. Fruit ellipsoid, 5-9 by 2.2-4.5 cm, orange or red when mature.
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A climbing vine or twiner. It grows up to 3 to 8 m tall. The leaves are simple and 3-16 cm long and 0.5-6 cm wide. The leaves are darker green on top and paler beneath. The broken leaves and twigs drip milky sap. The branched flower stalk occurs in the angles between leaves and stem in the upper leaves. The flowers are 0.4-0.7 cm across. They are pale yellow. They have a strong smell. The fruit are 4-15 cm long and 2-4 cm wide. They hang singly or in bunches in the axils of leaves. The fruit are green but then turn yellow then orange. The fruit often have several colours. The fruit have many seeds which are 5-7 mm long. The pulp around the seed is edible. It is green in colour. The fruit are also eaten by cockatoos and cassowaries.
Liane. Leaves with petiole 1.5–3 mm long; lamina lanceolate-ovate, elliptic or obovate, 3–16 cm long, 0.5–6 cm wide, cuneate, acute, mucronate or rounded; secondary veins 11–13 each side of midrib; tertiary venation obscure. Inflorescence of much-branched dichasial panicles to 2.5 cm long. Flowers 4.5–7 mm long, 4–7 mm diam.; pedicels 3–7 mm long. Sepals ovate, 0.6–1 mm long. Corolla cream-yellow; tube 3.5–5.5 mm long, 0.8–1.3 mm wide; lobes obovate, 3–3.2 mm long, 1.5–2 mm wide. Corona lobes 5, 0.8–1.1 mm long, bilobed, adnate to base of corolla lobes. Fruit obloid-ovoid, 4–15 cm long, 1.5–4 cm diam., orange-red when ripe.
Life form perennial
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Growth support climber
Foliage retention evergreen
Sexuality hermaphrodite
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Environment

A tropical plant. It occurs in coastal tropical rainforests. It grows in Australia, Papua New Guinea and the Solomon Islands. It occurs at low to moderate heights above sea level. It grows from sea level to 1200 m altitude.
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Occurs in vine forest in volcanic soils.
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Hardiness (USDA) 8-12

Usage

The ripe fruit is edible
Uses environmental use
Edible fruits
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Cultivation

It can be grown from seed or from cuttings taken from firm wood. Seed should be sown fresh. It grows best with partial shade but if kept well watered can grow in full sun. It can tolerate a slight frost.
Mode cuttings seedlings
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Images

Melodinus australis unspecified picture

Distribution

Melodinus australis world distribution map, present in Australia, Papua New Guinea, Solomon Islands, and Vanuatu

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:80164-1
WFO ID wfo-0000240120
COL ID 3ZM22
BDTFX ID -
INPN ID -
Wikipedia (EN)
Wikipedia (FR)

Synonyms

Melodinus australis Melodinus novoguineensis Pseudowillughbeia gracilis Willughbeia novoguineensis Melodinus chilocarpoides Melodinus gracilis Melodinus grandiflorus Cylindropsis novoguineensis Chilocarpus australis Clitandropsis crassifolia Clitandropsis grandiflora Clitandropsis novoguineensis Clitandropsis papuana Pseudo-willughbeia gracilis