Melodinus cochinchinensis (Lour.) Merr.

Species

Angiosperms > Gentianales > Apocynaceae > Melodinus

Characteristics

Climber to 28 m high. Branchlets glabrous, puberulent around nodes or, rarely, puberulent all over when young. Leaves opposite or in whorls of 3 or 4, often with all permutations on a single branch; petiole 5-17 mm long, glabrous to densely puberulent; blade coriaceous, ovate, elliptic or oblong, 3.7-22 by 0.8-7.8 cm, 1.8-5 times as long as wide, apex acuminate, base rounded to cuneate, glabrous above and beneath, 10-23 pairs of secondary veins, slightly raised above, anastomosing into an intramarginal vein, tertiary venation running parallel to secondary veins to reticulate. Inflorescence axillary and terminal forming a panicle, 3-15 cm long; peduncle 0.4-2.5 cm long, glabrous to puberulent; pedicels 2-8 mm long, puberulent. Sepals ovate, 1.5-3 by 1.4-2.5 mm, 1-1.6 times as long as wide, apex obtuse to rounded, puberulent or glabrous, ciliate. Corolla white or yellow; bud head ovoid, apex acute to obtuse; tube 4.1-12.3 by 1.8-2.8 mm, 1.7-2.2 times as long as lobes, 1.9-6.2 times as long as calyx, puberulent outside, densely pubescent inside; lobes 2.1-6 by 1.5-3.6 mm, 1.2-2.2 times as long as wide, strongly falcate to dolabriform; corona in a ring, slightly to deeply 10-lobed, 1.1-4 mm high, pubescent. Stamens inserted at 2.4-6 mm from base which is 0.4-0.6 of tube length; anthers 1.4-1.7 by 0.4-0.6 mm. Ovary 0.9-1.4 mm long; style 0.9-1.9 mm long; style head 1.2-1.9 mm long. Fruit globose to ellipsoid or ovoid, 3.5-10 by 2.7-5.4 cm. Seeds 11-17 by 7-11 by 2-4 mm.
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Lianas stout, to 10 m, glabrous except for inflorescences. Branches dark brown. Petiole 6-10 mm; leaf blade elliptic or narrowly so, 6-19 X 2.2-6.5 cm, papery, base cuneate, apex acute or acuminate; lateral veins numerous, convergent, conspicuous. Cymes paniculate, terminal, 3-branched, 4-5.5 cm, minutely pilose; bracts and bracteoles minute. Pedicel short. Sepals orbicular or broadly elliptic, ca. 2 mm, ciliate, apex subacute to rounded. Corolla white; tube ca. 6 mm, pilose except at base; lobes ovate, ca. 3.5 mm; corona large, lobes 2-cleft, villous. Ovary glabrous. Style ca. 3 mm. Berries narrowly ellipsoid, ca. 9 X 5 cm. Seeds oblong or ovate, ca. 1.3 cm. Fl. Apr-May, fr. Sep-Nov.
A robust evergreen creeper. The young branches are hairy. It has milky sap. The leaf stalks are 6-10 cm long. The leaves are narrowly oval and 6-12 cm long by 2-4 cm wide. They taper to a short tip and are blunt at the base. The flowers are white. They are in groups at the ends of branches and these are 3-7 cm long. The fruit are almost round and 6 cm long by 4 cm across. They are red-orange. The fruit have a sweet pulp around the seeds.
Life form perennial
Growth form -
Growth support climber
Foliage retention evergreen
Sexuality hermaphrodite
Pollination -
Spread -
Mature width (meter) -
Mature height (meter) 28.0
Root system -
Rooting depth (meter) -
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color -
Blooming months
JanFebMar
AprMayJun
JulAugSep
OctNovDec
Fruit color -
Fruiting months
JanFebMar
AprMayJun
JulAugSep
OctNovDec
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway -

Environment

It is a tropical plant. It is native to southern China between 1,600-2,900 m altitude. It grows in humid forests. In Yunnan.
Light -
Soil humidity -
Soil texture -
Soil acidity -
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 8-12

Usage

The ripe fruit are eaten fresh. They are boiled with pork for soup.
Uses food material medicinal poison
Edible fruits seeds
Therapeutic use Diarrhea (leaf), Narcotics (leaf), Cardiotonic agents (root), Narcotics (root), Malaria (unspecified), Narcotic (unspecified), Poison (unspecified), Fishes, poisonous (unspecified), Flatulence (unspecified), Cooling effect on body (unspecified), Anti-inflammatory agents (whole plant excluding root), Narcotics (wood)
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Plants can be grown from seeds.
Mode seedlings
Germination duration (days) -
Germination temperacture (C°) -
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment -
Minimum temperature (C°) -
Optimum temperature (C°) -
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Distribution

Melodinus cochinchinensis world distribution map, present in Bangladesh, Bhutan, China, India, Cambodia, Lao People's Democratic Republic, Myanmar, Malaysia, Thailand, and Viet Nam

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:80183-1
WFO ID wfo-0000240143
COL ID 3ZM2N
BDTFX ID -
INPN ID -
Wikipedia (EN)
Wikipedia (FR)

Synonyms

Melodinus myrtifolius Melodinus oblongus Melodinus silvaticus Melodinus tonkinensis Melodinus tournieri Nerium piscidium Melodinus annamensis Melodinus cochinchinensis Melodinus crassipetalus Melodinus guignardii Melodinus henryi Melodinus jumellei Melodinus laetus Melodinus locii Melodinus minutiflorus Melodinus spireanus Melodinus suaveolens Wrightia piscidia Melodinus khasianus Melodinus monogynus Echaltium piscidium Lycimnia suaveolens Oncinus cochinchinensis