Melolobium microphyllum (L.F.) Eckl. & Zeyh.

Species

Angiosperms > Fabales > Fabaceae > Melolobium

Characteristics

Divaricately branched, spiny shrub. Leaves stipulate, leaflets oblong to broadly obovate, (3-)5-8 x 1-3 mm, glandular, hairy; petiole 2-5 mm long; stipules semi-cordate to auriculate, 3-4 x 1-2 mm. Inflorescence terminal, 15-25(-35) mm long, with (1-)2-3(-6) flowers; flowers (5-)7-10 mm long; bracts narrowly cordate, glandular, hairy, 2-6 x 1-3 mm; bracteoles narrowly ovate, 3-4 x 1-2 mm. Calyx shortly bilabiate, glandular, hairy; upper lobes acute, upper lip 3-6 mm long, the apices acute, upper sinus 1-3 mm deep; lateral sinus 2-5 mm deep; lower lobes acute, lower lip 4-7 mm long, the apices acute, lower sinuses 0.5-2.0 mm deep. Corolla yellow; standard suborbicular, 5-8 x 3-6 mm, with a well-developed, channelled claw 2-3 mm long; wing petals oblong, sculptured, 5-8 x 1-2 mm, with a linear claw 2-3 mm long; keel petals shorter than the wing petals, 5-6 x 1-2 mm, with a linear claw 2-3 mm long. Gynoecium narrowly oblong, glandular, hairy. Fruit narrowly oblong, falcate (sometimes straight, e.g., type of M. accedens), 12-18 x 2-4 mm, glandular, hairy, 2-4-seeded; seeds round, 2-3 x 2-3 mm, reddish brown, brown, pale yellow speckled with brown, light brown speckled with dark brown.
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Flowers usually 2–4 on the lower part of a stiff, straight, terminal or leaf-opposed, spine-tipped axis 1–2(3) cm long, sometimes with several smaller sterile bracts above the flowers, sometimes in young plants with longer axes to 6 cm long and with up to 8 flowers and the spine apparent but not conspicuous or hardened; bracts 2–3 mm long, lanceolate or ovate, rounded at the base, acuminate, upper sterile ones smaller; pedicel 1–2 mm long; bracteoles on the pedicel 1.5–2 mm long, linear-elliptic.
Divaricately-branched, spiny shrub, 0.15-1.0 m high. Leaflets oblong to widely obovate, glandular, hairy. Flowers (5-)7-10 mm long; bracts narrowly cordate; bracteoles narrowly ovate. Calyx shortly bilabiate, with stalked glands, hairy. Petals yellow; standard suborbicular, with a well-developed, channelled claw; wing oblong, sculptured, with a linear claw; keel shorter than wing, with a linear claw. Flowering time all year.
Leaflets 2–5(10) × 1–3(4) mm, oblanceolate to oblanceolate-obtriangular or somewhat obovate, rounded to emarginate at the apex, often folded lengthwise, usually sparsely pubescent and conspicuously covered with glands which may be sessile, clavate or stalked and capitate; stipules 1.5–3 mm long, semi-sagittate, attached laterally, basal part rounded.
Dwarf shrub, up to 1 m high; divaricately much branched; distinctly spiny. Leaves with leaflets oblong to broadly obovate, glandular, hairy. Flowers: inflorescence terminal; calyx glandular, hairy, shorter than corolla; corolla yellow; Jul.-Sep. Pods narrowly oblong, slightly curved, glandular, hairy.
Calyx 5–6 mm long, sparsely to conspicuously pubescent and usually conspicuously covered with sessile or stalked glands, divided ± halfway into 2 lips, the upper lip with triangular-lanceolate lobes largely separate, the lower lip trifid.
Standard bright yellow, turning orange or brownish, longer than the calyx, spathulate with a claw about a third as long as the blade; wings at least as long as the standard; keel shorter, obtuse at the apex, 5–6 mm long.
Shrublet, much branched, spiny and sticky to varying degrees, 20–50 cm tall, from a deep taproot; branchlets pubescent to silvery-white tomentellous, with glands apparent beneath at least on older parts.
Pods 12–15 × 3–3.5 mm, oblong, usually slightly curved, hairy to varying degrees, but hairs longest on sutures especially the placental one, and often conspicuously glandular, 4–6-seeded.
Seeds mottled, 2 mm across, nearly straight along the radicular side, rounded on the opposite side, with a very small hilum on the shorter side.
Life form perennial
Growth form shrub
Growth support free-standing
Foliage retention -
Sexuality hermaphrodite
Pollination -
Spread -
Mature width (meter) -
Mature height (meter) 0.2 - 1.0
Root system tap-root
Rooting depth (meter) -
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color
Blooming months -
Fruit color
Fruiting months -
Nitrogen fixer rhizobia
Photosynthetic pathway c3

Environment

Light -
Soil humidity 1-4
Soil texture 5-8
Soil acidity -
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 8-12

Usage

Uses animal food environmental use medicinal
Edible -
Therapeutic use Umigant (unspecified)
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Mode -
Germination duration (days) -
Germination temperacture (C°) -
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment -
Minimum temperature (C°) -
Optimum temperature (C°) -
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Distribution

Melolobium microphyllum world distribution map, present in Botswana, Lesotho, Namibia, and South Africa

Conservation status

Melolobium microphyllum threat status: Least Concern

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:507138-1
WFO ID wfo-0000211035
COL ID 3ZMB8
BDTFX ID -
INPN ID -
Wikipedia (EN)
Wikipedia (FR)

Synonyms

Melolobium canescens Melolobium decumbens Melolobium microphyllum Melolobium mixtum Ononis microphylla Sphingium microphyllum Sphingium canescens Sphingium decumbens Melolobium accedens Melolobium burchellii Dichilus microphyllus Dichilus candicans Melolobium microphyllum var. decumbens