Montanoa hibiscifolia Benth.

Treedaisy (en)

Species

Angiosperms > Asterales > Asteraceae > Montanoa

Characteristics

Shrub to 4 m tall; branches slender, puberulent with a mixture of erect, spreading, long-celled hairs and weak, collapsed, reddish, short-celled hairs. Leaves opposite, to 25 cm long, mostly 3-9-lobed, deltoid to broadly ovate, apically acuminate, basally obtuse, truncate or cordate, the sinuses rounded, the margins irregularly crenate-dentate, 3-veined from near the base, softly tomentose and glandular beneath, tomentulose and drying darker above; petiole to 15 cm long, tomentose and canaliculate on the dorsal surface, basally expanding to clasp the stem, sometimes apically auriculate. Inflorescence an open, many flowered panicle; rachis and pedicels tomentulose; paired bracts decreasing in size upwards; bracteoles scalelike, sometimes solitary along the ultimate branches. Heads radiate, showy, 2.5-3 cm across in flower, 2-2.5 cm across in fruit; involucral bracts lanceolate, ca. 3 mm long, herbaceous, grey-puberulent, spine-tipped; paleas completely enfolding the ovary and only slightly exceeding it; ray florets 6-10 in one series, the corollas with a short tube and the limb 10-15 mm long, narrowly spathulate, denticulate, dorsally puberulent and glandular, ovary abortive; disc florets numerous forming a globose disc 7-8 mm across, the limb broadly tubular, the lobes incurved, the tube short, ascending pubescent and glandular, the anthers ca. 1.8 mm long with hyaline apical lobes, basally obtuse or subauriculate, the style branches cuneiform, the style base slightly contracted, the nectary a large, cupular, stipitate structure, the ovary quadrangular, pappus a single short, stout, deciduous awn. Achene dark, quadrate, rugulose, glabrous, epappose, ca. 3 mm long.
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Large shrubs, erect, soft-wooded, (1.5–) 3–4 m high. Leaves: petiole 4–8 (–12) cm long, ±stem-clasping, lacking stipule-like lobes at base; lamina ovate to pentagonal in outline, usually deeply palmately 3–5 (–7)-lobed, (7–) 20–40 cm long, (2.5–) 20–30 cm wide, often with prominent auricles at base, long-acuminate (rarely acute), discolorous, with adaxial surface moderately pubescent and abaxial surface moderately to densely glandular and pubescent; lobes ovate to deltoid or cordate. Capitula pendulous, several in compound mainly oppositely branched corymbs; peduncles 2–6 cm long, densely hairy; involucral bracts ±uniseriate, reflexed in fruit, pilose; paleae obtrullate, 2.5 mm long, with long acuminate apex 1–2 mm long, pilose, accrescent and shed with achenes. Ray florets 7 or 8; ligules 15–25 mm long. Disc florets 85–105, c. 2 mm long, moderately to densely pubescent, yellow. Achenes c. 3 mm long. 1.5 mm wide.
Shrub or woody herb 1–6 m high; branches pubescent to glabrous.. Leaves ovate to pentagonal, 7–40 cm long, 2.5–30 cm wide, entire or 3–5-lobed, the lobes themselves with secondary lobes, margins crenate to serrate, apices attenuate, pubescent to scabridulous on both surfaces and glandular beneath; petiole 1–8 cm long, often with auricles at apex.. Capitula in corymbose panicles, pendulous; stalks of individual capitula 2–6 cm long; involucre 1-seriate; phyllaries 4–5 mm long, reflexed in fruit; paleae 3–3.5 mm long, to 10 mm long in fruit.. Ray florets 7–8, ray white, 15–17 mm long, tube yellow, < 1 mm long; disc florets many, yellow, 1–1.2 mm long.. Achenes brown or red-brown, 3–3.5 mm long, rugulose, the apex glandular; pappus absent.. Fig. 160 (page 756).
Shrub or woody herb 1-6 m high; branches pubescent to glabrous. Leaves ovate to pentagonal, 7-40 cm long, 2.5-30 cm wide, entire or 3-5-lobed, the lobes themselves with secondary lobes, margins crenate to serrate, apices attenuate, pubescent to scabridulous on both surfaces and glandular beneath; petiole 1-8 cm long, often with auricles at apex. Capitula in corymbose panicles, pendulous; stalks of individual capitula 2-6 cm long; involucre 1-seriate; phyllaries 4-5 mm long, reflexed in fruit; paleae 3.0-3.5 mm long, to 10 mm long in fruit. Ray florets 7-8, ray white, 15-17 mm long, tube yellow, < 1 mm long; disc florets many, yellow, 1.0-1.2 mm long. Achenes brown or red-brown, 3.0-3.5 mm long, rugulose, the apex glandular; pappus absent.
Perennial subshrub up to 6 m high; scarcely branched. Leaves opposite, broadly ovate in outline, palmately lobed, softly pubescent, base deeply cordate with pair of auricles at apex of petiole, apex acuminate. Capitula radiate, many in terminal, corymbose panicles; involucral bracts lanceolate-acuminate, pubescent. Ray florets neuter; corolla strap-shaped, white. Disc florets bisexual, fertile; corolla yellow, tubular below, campanulate above, 5-lobed. Anthers obtuse at base, apical appendage narrowly deltoid. Style branches oblong, apices deltoid, papillae present on outside. Pappus absent. Cypselae narrowly obovate, 4-angled, apically with ring-shaped collar.
Semishrub, up to 6 m high. Leaves opposite, deeply palmately lobed, softly pubescent, base deeply cordate with a pair of auricles at apex of petiole, petiole up to 100 mm. Flowers with white rays and yellow disc.
Life form perennial
Growth form shrub
Growth support free-standing
Foliage retention deciduous
Sexuality hermaphrodite
Pollination -
Spread -
Mature width (meter) -
Mature height (meter) 3.5 - 6.0
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Rooting depth (meter) -
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color
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Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway -

Environment

Grows in usually damp disturbed areas on roadsides, in open eucalypt forest, the margins of rainforest and complex notophyll vine forest, on a range of soils, from c. 90–800 m altitude.
Light -
Soil humidity -
Soil texture -
Soil acidity -
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 8-12

Usage

Uses environmental use
Edible -
Therapeutic use -
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Mode -
Germination duration (days) -
Germination temperacture (C°) -
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment -
Minimum temperature (C°) -
Optimum temperature (C°) -
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Images

Habit

Montanoa hibiscifolia habit picture by J. Champ (cc-by-sa)

Leaf

Montanoa hibiscifolia leaf picture by Jean-Christophe Lombardo (cc-by-sa)
Montanoa hibiscifolia leaf picture by Jean-Christophe Lombardo (cc-by-sa)
Montanoa hibiscifolia leaf picture by Hayley Peters (cc-by-sa)

Flower

Montanoa hibiscifolia flower picture by Camille BORTOLI (cc-by-sa)
Montanoa hibiscifolia flower picture by Maryse Cabello (cc-by-sa)
Montanoa hibiscifolia flower picture by Maryse Cabello (cc-by-sa)

Fruit

Montanoa hibiscifolia fruit picture by Martin W (cc-by-sa)
Montanoa hibiscifolia fruit picture by Pierre-Marie GINDRE (cc-by-sa)
Montanoa hibiscifolia fruit picture by celine horellou (cc-by-sa)

Distribution

Montanoa hibiscifolia world distribution map, present in Australia, Panama, United States of America, and South Africa

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:60470492-2
WFO ID wfo-0000040123
COL ID 6S277
BDTFX ID -
INPN ID 446975
Wikipedia (EN)
Wikipedia (FR)

Synonyms

Montanoa samalensis Eriocoma hibiscifolia Montanoa hibiscifolia d'arcy Montanoa hibiscifolia Montanoa hibiscifolia