Mussaenda erythrophylla Schumach. & Thonn.

Species

Angiosperms > Gentianales > Rubiaceae > Mussaenda

Characteristics

Shrub, scandent shrub or climber, 1.5–8 m. tall; branches ± densely covered with patent or crisped, straw-coloured to reddish hairs; lenticels sometimes visible as small whitish streaks.. Leaf-blades elliptic to round, 2.5–18 cm. long, 1.7–11 cm. wide, apex acute or more usually acuminate, base rounded, ± cordate or cuneate, with 7–10 pairs of lateral nerves, hairy on both surfaces, with denser, often red hairs on the nerves beneath; petioles 0.3–5 cm. long; stipules bilobed for ± 1/3 of their length, 5–12 mm. long, 2.5–8 mm. wide at base, hairy outside, usually reflexed, persistent.. Flowers heterostylous, in usually dense, compressed panicles; peduncles 0.5–2.7(–8) cm. long; secondary peduncles present or suppressed; pedicels 0–10 mm. long; 2–6 foliaceous calyx-lobes present on each inflorescence; bracts and bracteoles 3–5-lobed, 1–1.5 cm. long, glabrous inside.. Calyx-tube obovoid, 3–5 mm. long, densely covered in spreading hairs; lobes green or red, lanceolate, (0.3–)0.8–1.6(–2.4) mm. long, 1.2–3(–5) mm. wide, covered with long red hairs outside and shorter pale hairs inside, caducous; foliaceous lobes bright red, elliptic to round, 3–11 cm. long, 2–9.4 cm. wide, acute at apex, rounded at base, pubescent on both sides; stipe 0.3–1 cm. long.. Corolla with tube greenish to reddish outside and lobes white to yellow or pinky above; tube 1.5–2.8 mm. long, 3–5 mm. wide at top, 1.5–3 mm. wide at base, covered with red spreading hairs outside, with yellow flattened hairs at the throat and extending below the anthers inside; lobes round, (3.5–)5–12 mm. long, 5–11 mm. wide, apex rounded or apiculate, the inner portion connate for (2–)2.5–5 mm., covered with red spreading hairs below, above ± glabrous or with short whitish hairs becoming denser towards the centre, then with a ring of long dark red hairs surrounding the flattened yellow throat hairs.. Distance from the throat to the top of anthers 5.5–8.5 mm. in long-styled flowers and 1–5 mm. in short-styled flowers.. Style 1.4–2.4 cm. in long-styled flowers, 0.7–1 cm. in short-styled flowers; arms 0–1.5 mm; stigma included or partly exserted; lobes 2.6–4.2 mm. long.. Fruit yellowish, ellipsoid, 1–2.4 cm. long, 0.7–1.4 cm. wide, covered in spreading brown to red hairs; calyx-lobes eventually caducous.. Seeds straw-coloured to blackish, ± square or oblong in outline, 0.6 mm. long, ± flattened, reticulate, sometimes with a few short, fine hairs.
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A straggling shrub or vine. It grows 2-4 m tall. The branches are drooping or climbing. The leaves are narrowly oval. They are 7 cm long by 5 cm wide. The flower petals are yellow to pink with large red sepals. The fruit are oval and hairy.
Flowers cream, yellow or orange, enlarged sepal pink or red
Climbing shrub to 40 ft. high
Life form -
Growth form shrub
Growth support climber
Foliage retention deciduous
Sexuality hermaphrodite
Pollination -
Spread -
Mature width (meter) -
Mature height (meter) 2.0 - 8.0
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Nitrogen fixer -
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Environment

It is a tropical plant. It grows in light gaps in the forest. In Nigeria it is recorded at 600 and 1,500 m above sea level.
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In forest and beside streams.
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Hardiness (USDA) 9-12

Usage

Uses environmental use material medicinal social use
Edible fruits
Therapeutic use Anthelmintics (root), Antioxidants (root), Diuretics (root), Urolithiasis (root), Antioxidants (stem)
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

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Images

Leaf

Mussaenda erythrophylla leaf picture by Déogratias NEPA (cc-by-sa)
Mussaenda erythrophylla leaf picture by Steve FAAEVA (cc-by-sa)
Mussaenda erythrophylla leaf picture by Tamuzadde Ssennoga (cc-by-sa)

Flower

Mussaenda erythrophylla flower picture by Steve FAAEVA (cc-by-sa)
Mussaenda erythrophylla flower picture by susan brown (cc-by-sa)

Distribution

Mussaenda erythrophylla world distribution map, present in Angola, Burkina Faso, Brazil, Central African Republic, Congo, Cabo Verde, Gabon, Ghana, Guinea, Kenya, Liberia, Nigeria, Sudan, Sierra Leone, Togo, Tanzania, United Republic of, Uganda, and United States of America

Conservation status

Mussaenda erythrophylla threat status: Least Concern

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:756618-1
WFO ID wfo-0000246551
COL ID 44QLY
BDTFX ID -
INPN ID 448288
Wikipedia (EN) Link
Wikipedia (FR)

Synonyms

Mussaenda erythrophylla Mussaenda splendida Mussaenda fulgens