Myrianthus holstii Engl.

Species

Angiosperms > Rosales > Urticaceae > Myrianthus

Characteristics

A medium sized tree up to 10-20 m high. The tree often has stilt roots 60 cm high. The branches are large. The bark is grey brown, smooth and with watery sap. The leaves are large and divided like the fingers on a hand. There are 5-7 leaflets. The central leaflet is largest and is 20-30 cm long. Two forms occur. The lowland form has larger leaves and fruit. The edge of the leaflets have saw teeth. The upper leaf surface is smooth and dark green while the lower surface is grey-green and hairy. The leaves have stalks. The flowers have male and female sexes on separate trees. The male flowers are greenish on stalked heads while the female flowers are yellow heads with short stalks. These female heads are about 2 cm across. The fruit is round and about 4-8 cm across. It is hard and yellow when ripe. It has sections like a pineapple. The seeds are surrounded by an acid yellow pulp. This pulp is edible.
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Tree up to 20 m. tall.. Lamina ± 25 × 25 to 60 × 60 cm., 3–7(–8)-fid or-parted down to the petiole; segments sessile or stoutly petiolulate, margin rather regularly serrate-dentate to subentire; upper surface hirtellous to puberulous on the main veins, lower surface brownish hirtellous to subsericeous on the main veins; petiole 7–35 cm. long, brownish hirtellous to subsericeous; stipules 1.5–4 cm. long, brown to golden-yellow sericeous.. Staminate inflorescences ± 4–15 cm. in diameter; peduncle 3–13.5 cm. long; glomerules of flowers spike-like, 4–6 mm. in diameter.. Pistillate inflorescences 1–2 cm., in fruit 5–8 cm. in diameter; peduncle 1–5 cm. long; flowers ± 20–40; apex of the perianth broadly conical; endocarp-body ± 1.2 × 0.8 cm.. Fig. 22.
Leaf lamina c. 25 x 25 to 60 x 60 cm., 3–7(8)-fid or parted down to the petiole; segments sessile or stoutly petiolulate, margin regularly serrate-dentate to subentire; superior surface hirtellous to puberulous on the main veins, inferior surface brownish-hirtellous to subsericeous on the main veins; petiole 7–35 cm. long, brownish-hirtellous to subsericeous; stipules 1.5–4 cm. long, brown to golden-yellow sericeous.
Pistillate inflorescences 1–2 cm. in diam., in fruit 5–8 cm. in diam.; peduncle 1–5 cm. long; flowers c. 20–40; apex of the perianth broadly conical; endocarp body c. 1.2 x 0.8 cm.
Staminate inflorescences c. 4–15 cm. in diam.; peduncle 3–13.5 cm. long; glomerules of flowers spike-like, 4–6 mm. in diam.
Tree up to 20 m. tall.
Life form perennial
Growth form tree
Growth support free-standing
Foliage retention deciduous
Sexuality -
Pollination -
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Mature width (meter) -
Mature height (meter) 20.0
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Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway c3

Environment

A tropical plant. A rainforest tree of east Africa. It suits humid locations. It does best in moist valleys and along river banks. In Kenya it grows between 900-2,400 m altitude.
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Rainforest, montane forests, sometimes at edges or in regrowth and along rivers, at elevations from 900-2,100 metres.
Light -
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Hardiness (USDA) 9-12

Usage

The pulp around the seeds is eaten. It is sweet and sour in taste.
Uses environmental use food gene source material medicinal wood
Edible fruits
Therapeutic use -
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

The plant can be grown from seeds. The fruit is crushed and the seeds collected. Seed can be stored in a cool dry place. Plants can be cut back and will re-grow. Plants can be grown from root suckers.
Mode seedlings
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Distribution

Myrianthus holstii world distribution map, present in Burundi, Kenya, Mozambique, Malawi, Rwanda, Tanzania, United Republic of, Uganda, Zambia, and Zimbabwe

Conservation status

Myrianthus holstii threat status: Least Concern

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:854742-1
WFO ID wfo-0000374679
COL ID 458B4
BDTFX ID -
INPN ID -
Wikipedia (EN)
Wikipedia (FR)

Synonyms

Myrianthus holstii Myrianthus mildbraedii