Myristica elliptica Wall. ex Hook.F. & Thomson

Species

Angiosperms > Magnoliales > Myristicaceae > Myristica

Characteristics

Tree 6-40 m. Twigs 2-4 mm diameter, pale, grey or yellowish, early glabrescent, hairs greyish, 0.1-0.3 mm; older twigs straw or (brown) yellow to greenish yellow, not longitudinally cracking; sometimes with a few pale brown lenticels. Leaves chartaceous, elliptic or oblong, 9-21 (-32) by 3—9(—12) cm, base narrowly rounded or acute, apex acute-acuminate; upper surface yellowish or olivaceous, lower surface greyish or pale olivaceous, ± glabrous (early glabrescent), hairs scattered, appressed, greyish or pale brown, 0.1 mm or less, surface minutely pustulate; papillae not obvious; dots sometimes present, scattered, faint; midrib above flat or slightly raised, lateral nerves 8—13(—15) per side, at 45-60(-70)° to the midrib, faint, flat or slightly raised above, distinct on lower leaf surface, lines of interarching sometimes distinct, venation faint on both surfaces; petiole 10-20(-30) by 1.5-2.5 mm, drying the same colour as the twigs; leaf bud (10-) 15-20 by 1-1.5 mm, hairs glossy, light brown, 0.1-0.3 mm. Inflorescences among the leaves, pedunculate, ± glabrescent, hairs (sparse) pale, appressed, 0.1 mm or less; bracts minute, subpersistent; in male: 1-2.5 by 1-1.5 cm, few-flowered, peduncle slightly flattened, 5-12 mm, branches simple, up to 5 mm, central axis similar, sometimes absent or with but a single flower; flowers in loose subumbels of 3-5; buds of various sizes; female inflorescences like the male, flowers only 1-3; flowers angled, hairs sparse, appressed, pale, 0.1 mm. Male flowers: pedicel 3-5 by 1-1.5 mm, bracteole ± reniform, often ± truncate or faintly ± 3-topped, 0.5-1 (-2) mm, persistent, apical or rarely to 1 mm below; buds elliptic-oblong, sometimes slightly contracted below the lobes, 7-8(-9) by 2.5-3.5 mm, apex subacute, 3-angled, cleft c. 1/3, lobes 0.5-0.8 mm thick, perianth lower down thinner. Androecium 5-7 mm; androphore slightly tapering, 2(-2.5) mm, glabrous or at base thinly minutely pubescent; synandrium 4-4.5 by (1-)1.5 mm, thecae 10-12, ± appressed, sterile apex ± blunt, 0.5 mm. Female flowers: pedicel 3 mm; buds ovoid-oblong, ± urceolate, inflated, 6-8 by 3-4 mm, apex acute, angled, cleft c. 1/2, lobes at anthesis reflexed; ovary long-conical (including style) 5 by 1 mm, hairs dense, appressed, 0.1 mm. Infructescences often conspicuously lenticellate. Fruits 1 or 2, ovoid or ellipsoid(-oblong), 4.5-7.5 by (2-)2.5-4 cm, apex rounded or bluntly narrowed or somewhat beaked, base often narrowed into 4-12 mm long pseudostalk, early glabrescent, hairs 0.1 mm; pericarp dull dark brown, 5(-10) mm thick; seeds ellipsoid, 4-5 cm; fruiting pedicel slender, 5-10 mm.
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A tree. It grows to 35 m high. The trunk is 100 cm across. It usually has deep thick buttresses or stilt roots. The crown has hanging branches. The bark is pale grey and smooth with lenticels. The leaves are papery. They are oval or oblong. They taper at both ends. There are 12-17 pairs of secondary veins. The flowering stalk has few branches and the fruit occur in clusters. The fruit is large and mango shaped. It is smooth and orange-yellow.
Life form -
Growth form tree
Growth support free-standing
Foliage retention evergreen
Sexuality dioecy
Pollination entomogamy
Spread -
Mature width (meter) 1.0
Mature height (meter) 15.0 - 35.0
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Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway c3

Environment

A sub-canopy tree in undisturbed mixed dipterocarp, swamp and coastal (tidal) forests; growing along rivers and streams and in swamps, including tidal zones; on clay soils, but also on sand and limestone; at elevations up to 500 metres.
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A tropical plant. It grows in permanent and seasonal swamps. It grows up to 500 m above sea level. It can grow in sandy soils and limestone.
Light -
Soil humidity 1-3
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Hardiness (USDA) 9-12

Usage

UsesSeeds once reported as combustible, containing starch and fat.
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The nut is used as flavouring or spice.
Uses dye food material medicinal spice wood
Edible nuts seeds
Therapeutic use -
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Can be grown by seedlings.
Mode seedlings
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Distribution

Myristica elliptica world distribution map, present in Indonesia, Malaysia, Philippines, and Thailand

Conservation status

Myristica elliptica threat status: Least Concern

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:586056-1
WFO ID wfo-0000447412
COL ID -
BDTFX ID -
INPN ID -
Wikipedia (EN)
Wikipedia (FR)

Synonyms

Myristica elliptica