Myristica insipida R.Br.

Species

Angiosperms > Magnoliales > Myristicaceae > Myristica

Characteristics

Shrub or tree (4-)6-25 m. Twigs 1-2 mm diameter, early glabrescent, hairs woolly, 0.2-0.5 mm; older twigs sometimes blackish, longitudinally cracked; lenticels inconspicuous or absent. Leaves membranous or chartaceous, elliptic-oblong or oblong-lanceolate, 7-20(-24) by 2-6(-8) cm, base rounded or cuneate, apex acute(-acuminate), the very tip often ± blunt; upper surface olivaceous, lower surface greyish, indumentum subpersistent or late glabrescent, hairs inconspicuous, scattered, 0.1 mm or less; papillae distinct (specimens from Tanimbar Is.) or inconspicuous (part of New Guinea material); dots absent; midrib above flat or sunken, lateral nerves 6-12 per side, at 45-80° to the midrib, far apart, flat or sunken, (much) raised below, lines of interarching not distinct, venation (not always) raised below; petiole 9-14 by 1-2 mm; leaf bud 7-12 by 1-2 mm, hairs woolly, or appressed, 0.2-0.5 mm. Inflorescences between the leaves, axillary or up to 2 mm supra-axillary, as in Knema: sessile or up to 2-4 mm pedunculate, 1-3-branched scar-covered brachyblasts, 2-5 (-7) mm long, short-pubescent, glabrescent; in male: with subumbels of 5-15 flowers, buds of various sizes; bracts minute, caducous; in female: sessile, few-flowered; flowers with woolly hairs (0.1-)0.2-0.4 mm, towards the apex often darker coloured. Male flowers: pedicel 2-3(-4) mm (shorter than perianth), bracteole (0.5-) 1-1.5 mm, persistent or late caducous; buds ellipsoid-oblong, 4.5-6 by 2-3 mm, cleft c. 1/4, lobes 0.2-0.3 mm thick. Androecium 3.5-4.5 mm; androphore (1.5—)1.8—2 by 0.4-0.8(-l) mm, glabrous or (New Guinea) in the lower half with scattered hairs 0.1-0.2 mm; synandrium 2-2.5 by 0.6-1.2 mm, thecae 12-16, sterile apex ± absent or irregularly lobulate by short processes from the anthers, or rather blunt to subacute, (0.1-)0.2-0.3 mm. Female flowers (from Specht 666): pedicel 0.5(-l) mm; buds ovoid, 4 by 3 mm, cleft c. 1/4; ovary ovoid, 3 by 2 mm, hairs 0.3-0.4 mm. Fruits 1 or 2 per infructescence, subsessile, ovoid-ellipsoid or ellipsoid-oblong, 2.5-3.8 by 1.5-2 cm, apex acute or with short beak 1-2.5 mm, base rounded or cuneate or ± narrowed, hairs dense, pale or dark brown, woolly, 0.3-1 mm, glabrescent, but hairs remaining in the depressions left after drying and towards the base of the fruit; pericarp 2-3 mm thick, seeds ellipsoid-oblong, 2-2.5 cm, bright brown; fruiting pedicel 1-3 mm.
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Tree to 16 (–25) m high. Leaves: petiole 8–15 mm long; lamina lanceolate, narrowly ovate or elliptic, usually 7–25 cm long, 2–10.5 cm wide, obtuse, rounded or decurrent at base, acute or acuminate apically, glabrous above, pubescent below with red-brown multi-branched trichomes, soon glabrescent, with only scattered appressed bifid hyaline trichomes persisting; secondary veins mostly 6–13 pairs. Male flowers in axillary fascicles or on woody tubercles; pedicel 1.5–3 mm long; calyx ellipsoidal in bud, 4.5–5 mm long, 2.5–3 mm wide, brown-tomentose on outside; calyx lobes 1.2–1.5 mm long, erect or spreading; androphore glabrous. Female flowers in fascicles of up to 3; pedicel 0.5–1.5 mm long; calyx ovoid or urceolate, 3.8–4.2 mm long, 2.5-3 mm wide, brown-tomentose outside; calyx lobes 1.5–1.7 mm long, spreading; ovary densely tomentose. Fruit ellipsoidal, oblong-ellipsoidal or ovoid, 2.5–4.5 cm long, 1.7–2.2 cm wide, tomentose becoming puberulous; stalk 2–3.5 mm long, 2–2.5 mm wide.
A large spreading tree. It grows 10-20 m high. The branches spread out horizontally. The bark is tight, rough and grey-brown. The leaves are alternate and smooth. They are leathery and oval. They are 10-21 cm long by 4-8 cm wide. They are dark and glossy green on top. Underneath the leaf is paler and the midrib is raised. The tip is pointed and the leaf stalk is short and thick. The trees are separately male and female. The male flowers are small and cream. They occur in clusters in the axils of leaves. Female flowers are in smaller clusters. The fruit is oblong and smooth. The skin is thick and leathery. They are about 3-4 cm long by 1.5-2 cm wide. They are a dull yellow when ripe. They enclose a single large seed wrapped in a bright red, thread like aril.
Life form perennial
Growth form tree
Growth support -
Foliage retention evergreen
Sexuality dioecy
Pollination entomogamy
Spread -
Mature width (meter) -
Mature height (meter) 10.0 - 20.0
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Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway c3

Environment

A tropical plant. It grows in coastal areas on sand dunes. They can be in lowland forest near permanent water. It needs good drainage. In Townsville Anderson BG.
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An understorey plant in well developed rain forest, drier, more seasonal rain forest and monsoon forest; at elevations up to 1,000 metres in Australia.
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Hardiness (USDA) 8-12

Usage

Aboriginal uses, see Wightman & Andrews (1989: 68).
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The seeds can be used as a nutmeg substitute.
Uses dye food timber wood
Edible arils seeds
Therapeutic use -
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Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Plants can be grown from fresh seed. They can also be grown from cuttings.
Mode cuttings seedlings
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Images

Myristica insipida unspecified picture

Distribution

Myristica insipida world distribution map, present in Australia and Papua New Guinea

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:586132-1
WFO ID wfo-0000447720
COL ID 459Q7
BDTFX ID -
INPN ID -
Wikipedia (EN) Link
Wikipedia (FR)

Synonyms

Palala insipida Myristica insipida Myristica macgregorii Myristica cimicifera var. acutifolia Myristica cimicifera var. insipida

Lower taxons

Myristica insipida var. cimicifera