Nandina domestica Thunb.

Sacred bamboo (en)

Species

Angiosperms > Ranunculales > Berberidaceae > Nandina

Characteristics

Shrub to 2 (–3) m high; stems erect, few-branched, sheathed by petioles or scarred. Leaves 2-or 3-pinnate, to 50 cm long, closely arranged towards top of stems, ±horizontal, swollen at main joints of pinnae and pinnules; leaflets to 8 (–12) cm long, to 2.5 (–3.7) cm wide (the terminal leaflet usually larger than the rest), ovate to lanceolate or elliptic to narrowly rhombic, acute to long-acuminate, glossy green becoming yellowish, red or purple in autumn and winter, glabrous, midvein conspicuous. Inflorescence ±erect, to 40 cm long. Flowers to 5–7.5 mm diam., with white petals and prominent yellow anthers. Berry globose, 6–10 mm diam., bright red.
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Shrubs, evergreen, erect, to 3 m tall, glabrous, few branched. Branchlets reddish when young. Leaves 30-50 cm; leaflets nearly sessile; blades elliptic or elliptic-lanceolate, 2-10 × 0.5-2 cm, weakly leathery, glabrous, base cuneate, apex acuminate. Inflorescences erect, 20-35 cm. Flowers cream or white. Sepals ovate-triangular or ovate-oblong, 1-4 mm. Petals oblong, ca. 4.2 × 2.5 mm, apex obtuse. Stamens ca. 3.5 mm; anther connective prolonged. Ovary locules 1; ovules 1-3. Carpopodium 4-8 mm. Berry red or purplish, 6-8 mm in diam. Seeds grayish or brownish, oblate-spheroidal. Fl. Mar-Jun, fr. May-Nov. 2n = 20*.
Stems erect. Wood and pith bright yellow. Leaves frequently reddish tinged, 5-10 dm; petioles basally enlarged and clasping. Leaflets 9-81, nearly sessile, leaflet blades 4-11 1.5-3 cm, base cuneate, apex acuminate. Inflorescences with hundreds of flowers, 1-2 dm. Flowers fragrant, pedicellate; perianth segments imbricate, weakly 2-4-seriate. Berries 6-9 mm. Seeds mostly 2. 2 n = 20.
A thick stemmed shrub. It keeps growing from year to year. It grows 1.2-1.8 m tall and spreads 90-150 cm wide. The stems are unbranched. They carry large leaves consisting of many narrow segments. The leaves are purplish red when young. Plants are separately male or female. The flowers are white and starry. They have long yellow anthers. The fruit are red berries.
Life form perennial
Growth form shrub
Growth support free-standing
Foliage retention evergreen
Sexuality hermaphrodite
Pollination -
Spread -
Mature width (meter) 1.0 - 1.5
Mature height (meter) 2.4
Root system rhizome
Rooting depth (meter) 0.5
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color
Blooming months
JanFebMar
AprMayJun
JulAugSep
OctNovDec
Fruit color
Fruiting months
JanFebMar
AprMayJun
JulAugSep
OctNovDec
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway c3

Environment

It is a temperate plant. It can tolerate light frosts. It needs rich, moist soils. The soils should be well drained. It suits hardiness zones 7-10. Arboretum Tasmania. In XTBG Yunnan. In Melbourne Botanical Gardens. In Hobart Botanical gardens. Arboretum Tasmania.
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Ravines and valleys in mountains and warmer parts of C. and S. Japan. Streamsides in montane forests, roadsides, shrub forests at elevations below 1000 metres in China.
Light 3-7
Soil humidity 5-8
Soil texture 2-5
Soil acidity 2-6
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 7-9

Usage

Widely cultivated as an ornamental, including cultivars such as Dwarf Nandina Nandina domestica 'Nana'. Nandina domestica is favoured for its attractive habit (tall, slender, cane-like stemmed plants with ± horizontally-held leaves towards the summit to low, dense, bushy cultivar forms), autumn-coloured foliage and red berries.
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CAUTION: The fruits, seeds, roots and bark contain poisonous alkaloids.
Uses dye environmental use medicinal ornamental poison stimulant
Edible fruits leaves
Therapeutic use Antitussive (unspecified), Breath (unspecified), Bronchitis (unspecified), Caries (unspecified), Cyanogenetic (unspecified), Dyspepsia (unspecified), Fever (unspecified), Gastritis (unspecified), Hunger (unspecified), Longevity (unspecified), Pertussis (unspecified), Poison (unspecified), Senility (unspecified), Virility (unspecified), Ache(Bones) (unspecified), Tendon (unspecified), Cold (unspecified), Complexion (unspecified), Enteritis (unspecified), Lethargy (unspecified), Medicine (unspecified), Trauma (unspecified), Flu (unspecified), Toothache (unspecified), Hypotension (unspecified)
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Plants are usually grown from cuttings. A group of plants ensures the best cross pollination. It is difficult to get seed to germinate.
Mode cuttings seedlings
Germination duration (days) -
Germination temperacture (C°) -
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment -
Minimum temperature (C°) -12
Optimum temperature (C°) -
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Images

Habit

Nandina domestica habit picture by Lily Jones (cc-by-sa)
Nandina domestica habit picture by Beth Holley (cc-by-sa)
Nandina domestica habit picture by Alessia Furiosi (cc-by-sa)

Leaf

Nandina domestica leaf picture by Alessandro Tonucci (cc-by-sa)
Nandina domestica leaf picture by Gabriele Fadda (cc-by-sa)
Nandina domestica leaf picture by giravoce (cc-by-sa)

Flower

Nandina domestica flower picture by Lily Jones (cc-by-sa)
Nandina domestica flower picture by fabrizio (cc-by-sa)
Nandina domestica flower picture by Kenyon Gradert (cc-by-sa)

Fruit

Nandina domestica fruit picture by Alessandro Tonucci (cc-by-sa)
Nandina domestica fruit picture by Franco Max (cc-by-sa)
Nandina domestica fruit picture by b alex (cc-by-sa)

Distribution

Nandina domestica world distribution map, present in Australia, China, Honduras, India, Japan, Pakistan, Palau, Korea (Democratic People's Republic of), Taiwan, Province of China, and United States of America

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:107544-1
WFO ID wfo-0000379744
COL ID 45LRX
BDTFX ID -
INPN ID 448479
Wikipedia (EN)
Wikipedia (FR) Link

Synonyms

Nandina denudata Nandina tsermonanten Nandina domestica var. linearifolia Nandina domestica