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Narcissus jonquilla L.

Jonquil (en), Narcisse Jonquille (fr), Narcisse jonquille (fr)

Species

Angiosperms > Asparagales > Amaryllidaceae > Narcissus

Characteristics

Bulbs ovoid, 2–3 × 2–2.5 cm, tunic dark brown. Leaves 2–3(–4); blade dark green, channeled adaxially, nearly terete, 30–40 cm × 2–4 mm. Inflorescences umbellate, 1–2(–4)-flowered, 25–35 cm; spathe pale brown, 2–4 cm, papery. Flowers strongly fragrant; perianth 1.5–2.5 cm wide; perianth tube 2–2.5 cm, tapering gradually to base; distinct portions of tepals spreading to reflexed, bright golden yellow, ovate to oblanceolate, 0.4–0.6 × 0.8–1 cm, apex acute to mucronate; corona golden yellow, cup-shaped, 2–4 × 5–8 mm, apex ruffled; 3 short stamens included in perianth tube, 3 longer stamens and style exserted into mouth of corona; pedicel of variable length, to 4 cm. 2n = 14.
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With 2–6 yellow fls 2–4 cm wide, the corona less than a fourth as long as the tep, rarely escape.
Umbel 2-5-flowered; flowers fragrant; perigone green and yellow.
A herb.
Life form perennial
Growth form herb
Growth support free-standing
Foliage retention deciduous
Sexuality hermaphrodite
Pollination entomogamy
Spread barochory
Mature width (meter) 0.55 - 0.1
Mature height (meter) 0.25 - 0.35
Root system -
Rooting depth (meter) -
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color
Blooming months
JanFebMar
AprMayJun
JulAugSep
OctNovDec
Fruit color -
Fruiting months -
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway c3

Environment

Rocky hillsides, often on limestone, also in meadows and damp places.
More
It is a temperate plant.
Light 5-9
Soil humidity 3-7
Soil texture 2-5
Soil acidity 2-8
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 6-8

Usage

The flowers are eaten in salads, candied or made into desserts.
Uses environmental use essential oil material medicinal
Edible flowers
Therapeutic use Depurative (unspecified), Narcotic (unspecified), Perfume (unspecified), Poison (unspecified), Emetic (unspecified), Emmenagogue (unspecified)
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Can be grown by divisions or seedlings.
Mode divisions seedlings
Germination duration (days) -
Germination temperacture (C°) -
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment -
Minimum temperature (C°) -18
Optimum temperature (C°) -
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Images

Habit

Narcissus jonquilla habit picture by Prieta Javier (cc-by-sa)
Narcissus jonquilla habit picture by Jean-Marie Frenoux (cc-by-sa)
Narcissus jonquilla habit picture by Marie Bouvard Rauly (cc-by-sa)

Leaf

Narcissus jonquilla leaf picture by Prieta Javier (cc-by-sa)
Narcissus jonquilla leaf picture by Giode Tonpino (cc-by-sa)
Narcissus jonquilla leaf picture by Paulo Pereira (cc-by-sa)

Flower

Narcissus jonquilla flower picture by Anne Maugé (cc-by-sa)
Narcissus jonquilla flower picture by SergioPlantNet (cc-by-sa)
Narcissus jonquilla flower picture by Emmanuel DAVID (cc-by-sa)

Distribution

Narcissus jonquilla world distribution map, present in Åland Islands, Canada, Spain, France, Georgia, Italy, Nicaragua, Portugal, and United States of America

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:66066-1
WFO ID wfo-0000696545
COL ID 45PDJ
BDTFX ID 43567
INPN ID 109263
Wikipedia (EN) Link
Wikipedia (FR) Link

Synonyms

Narcissus pseudojonquilla Narcissus juncifolius Hermione jonquilla Hermione similis Tityrus jonquilla Hermione juncifolia Queltia jonquilla Queltia juncifolia Tityrus similis Narcissus jonquilla var. minor Narcissus jonquilla var. stellaris Narcissus jonquilloides var. webbii Narcissus similis Narcissus jonquilla

Lower taxons

Narcissus jonquilla subsp. jonquilloides Narcissus jonquilla subsp. jonquilla Narcissus jonquilla subsp. cerrolazae
WorldFloraDB 2024