Narcissus L.

Narcisse (fr)

Genus

Angiosperms > Asparagales > Amaryllidaceae

Characteristics

Herbs perennial, scapose, from ovoid, tunicate bulbs. Leaves (1–)several; blade linear to ligulate, flat to semiterete, fleshy. Inflorescences umbellate in clusters of 2–20, or solitary, spathaceous; spathe 1-valved, enclosing buds, membranous or papery. Flowers pedicellate or sessile, erect or declinate, often fragrant; tepals 6, connate proximally, distinct and reflexed to ascending distally, yellow and/or white; perianth tube surmounted by a cupular to trumpetlike corona with margins often frilled; stamens 6, epitepalous, often of 2 lengths; filaments separate from corona; anthers basifixed; ovary inferior, 3-locular; style often exserted; stigma minutely 3-lobed. Fruits capsular, 3-locular, papery to leathery, dehiscence loculidical. Seeds numerous, subglobose, often with elaiosomes; testa black. x = 7, 11.
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Clump-forming perennials; bulb tunicate. Leaves all basal, linear to lorate. Scapes hollow. Flowers solitary to several, white, yellow, or rarely green, erect or drooping, umbellate; perianth-lobes ascending, reflexed or spreading, connate below; tube narrow-cylindric to trumpet-shaped with tubular trumpet-like or cup-shaped corona at throat, sometimes reduced to a rim; spathe 1-valved. Stamens equal or unequal, attached to perianth-tube at two levels, included or exserted from tube but not extending beyond corona. Capsule ovoid to globular with 3 rounded angles, loculicidal. Seeds many, subglobose, angled, black. Spp. c. 60, of Europe and W. Asia. Adventive spp. 5.
Herbs with tunicated bulbs. Roots fibrous. Leaves basal, linear, flat to cylindrical, sheathing at base, annual. Inflorescence a scapose solitary flower or umbellate; spathe scarious. Flowers bisexual, regular, pedicellate, erect or nodding. Perianth segments 6, fused forming a cylindrical or trumpet-shaped tube; corona present. Stamens 6, inserted on perianth tube at 2 levels; anthers dehiscing by slits, introrse. Ovary inferior, trilocular; ovules many per locule; placentation axile; style more or less filiform; stigma capitate or lobed. Fruit a capsule. Seeds numerous, angled, black.
Herbs perennial, bulbiferous. Bulbs with a membranous tunic. Leaves basal, linear or terete. Flowering stem solid. Inflorescence a several-flowered umbel or sometimes a solitary flower; involucres membranous, basally tubular. Flowers erect or pendulous. Perianth tube cylindric or funnelform, short; lobes 6, erect or recurved, subequal; corona narrowly tubular, corollalike or shallowly cupular. Stamens inserted in perianth tube; anther basifixed. Ovary with many ovules. Style filiform; stigma 3-lobed, small. Fruit a loculicidal capsule. Seeds subglobose.
Perianth slenderly tubular at base, with broad, widely spreading segments; corona saucer-shaped, of the same or different color, entire to erose or lobed; stamens inserted on the perianth-tube within the corona; ovary inferior, with numerous ovules in each of the 3 locules; perennial scapose herbs from coated bulbs, with narrow, usually erect, basal lvs and erect scapes bearing 1–few conspicuous fls. 60, Europe, Medit., w. Asia. Many of the plants in cult. reflect hybridization among diverse spp.
Life form perennial
Growth form herb
Growth support -
Foliage retention deciduous
Sexuality hermaphrodite
Pollination -
Spread -
Mature width (meter) 0.1 - 0.3
Mature height (meter) 0.1 - 0.5
Root system fibrous-root
Rooting depth (meter) -
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color
Blooming months -
Fruit color -
Fruiting months -
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway -

Environment

Light 6-9
Soil humidity -
Soil texture -
Soil acidity 2-7
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 8-10

Usage

Uses medicinal
Edible -
Therapeutic use Breast (unspecified), Edema (unspecified), Swelling (unspecified), Ointment (unspecified)
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Can be grown by divisions or seedlings.
Mode divisions seedlings
Germination duration (days) -
Germination temperacture (C°) -
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment -
Minimum temperature (C°) -
Optimum temperature (C°) -
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Images

Narcissus unspecified picture
Narcissus unspecified picture

Distribution

Narcissus world distribution map, present in Afghanistan, Åland Islands, Albania, Australia, Austria, Bulgaria, Bermuda, Switzerland, China, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Germany, Algeria, Egypt, Spain, Falkland Islands (Malvinas), France, Micronesia (Federated States of), Georgia, Greece, Hungary, Ireland, Iran (Islamic Republic of), Iraq, Italy, Japan, Libya, Morocco, Malaysia, Norfolk Island, Nicaragua, Netherlands, New Zealand, Palau, Korea (Democratic People's Republic of), Portugal, Romania, Singapore, Turks and Caicos Islands, Turkmenistan, Tunisia, Ukraine, United States of America, and Uzbekistan

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1558-1
WFO ID wfo-4000025329
COL ID 8VZL3
BDTFX ID 84883
INPN ID 195065
Wikipedia (EN) Link
Wikipedia (FR) Link

Synonyms

Hermione Narcissus Tityrus Codiaminum Corbularia Queltia

Lower taxons

Narcissus leonensis Narcissus x koshinomurae Narcissus obesus Narcissus moschatus Narcissus x perezlarae Narcissus medio-luteus Narcissus nutans Narcissus nobilis Narcissus willkommii Narcissus x xaverii Narcissus scaberulus Narcissus x tortifolius Narcissus x georgemawii Narcissus x alleniae Narcissus jacetanus Narcissus x confinalensis Narcissus x rupidulus Narcissus gaditanus Narcissus hedraeanthus Narcissus confusus Narcissus cantabricus Narcissus abscissus Narcissus jeanmonodii Narcissus x aloysii-villarii Narcissus incomparabilis Narcissus x alejandrei Narcissus hesperidis Narcissus x rafaelii Narcissus x boutignyanus Narcissus atlanticus Narcissus x perangustus Narcissus alcaracensis Narcissus macrolobus Narcissus x pujolii Narcissus primigenius Narcissus pachybolbus Narcissus pallidiflorus Narcissus portensis Narcissus peroccidentalis Narcissus x odorus Narcissus x libarensis Narcissus poculiformis Narcissus tenuior Narcissus x gredensis Narcissus x petri-mariae Narcissus x maginae Narcissus x abilioi Narcissus x somedanus Narcissus flavus Narcissus hispanicus Narcissus x hannibalis Narcissus cuatrecasasii Narcissus corcyrensis Narcissus cyclamineus Narcissus cordubensis Narcissus broussonetii Narcissus x buxtonii Narcissus bertolonii Narcissus albimarginatus Narcissus x magnenii Narcissus x litigiosus Narcissus miniatus Narcissus x chevassutii Narcissus supramontanus Narcissus x fosteri Narcissus x caramulensis Narcissus x cardonae Narcissus angustifolius Narcissus odorus Narcissus x xanthochlorus Narcissus villarvildensis Narcissus x hervasii Narcissus x dezanus Narcissus x palentinus Narcissus x weickertii Narcissus x maroccanus Narcissus marvieri Narcissus nevadensis Narcissus trilobus Narcissus x romoi Narcissus romieuxii Narcissus rogendorfi Narcissus x brevitubulosus Narcissus neocarpetanus Narcissus x tuckeri Narcissus x carringtonii Narcissus x ponsii-sorollae Narcissus x consolationis Narcissus x cazorlanus Narcissus x pugsleyi Narcissus x backhousei Narcissus bugei Narcissus munozii-garmendiae Narcissus x pyrenaicus Narcissus cuneiflorus Narcissus bakeri Narcissus compressus Narcissus albicans Narcissus jacquemoudii Narcissus x alentejanus Narcissus yepesii Narcissus segurensis Narcissus moleroi Narcissus calcicola Narcissus x urrutiae Narcissus x oiarbidei Narcissus watieri Narcissus obsoletus Narcissus tortifolius Narcissus pujolii Narcissus cavanillesii Narcissus viridiflorus Narcissus rupicola Narcissus bicolor Narcissus minor Narcissus gigas Narcissus papyraceus Narcissus jonquilla Narcissus triandrus Narcissus poeticus Narcissus bulbocodium Narcissus dubius Narcissus tazetta Narcissus serotinus Narcissus assoanus Narcissus pseudonarcissus