Tough, wiry perennials. Leaves: ligule an unfringed membrane; blade rolled in bud. Inflorescence a single, slender spike. Spikelets sessile, in two rows, laterally compressed. Glumes 1 (rarely 2) per spikelet, adnate to rachis and (if both present) to one another, without nerves, awnless. Lemma entire, 1-awned, 2 or 3-keeled, 3-nerved; awn apical, straight. Palea slightly shorter than lemma. Caryopsis: hilum short; embryo not waisted.