Oplismenus undulatifolius (Ard.) Roem. & Schult.

Wavyleaf basketgrass (en), Oplismène à feuilles ondulées (fr), Panic à feuilles ondulées (fr)

Species

Angiosperms > Poales > Poaceae > Oplismenus

Characteristics

Perennial. Culms slender, straggling, ascending from a prostrate base, 20–50 cm tall. Leaf sheaths usually densely tuberculate-hairy, less often glabrous; leaf blades lanceolate to narrowly ovate, 1–15 × 0.3–3 cm, glabrous or variously hairy, base subrounded and usually suboblique, apex acute; ligule ca. 1 mm. Inflorescence axis 9–15 cm, glabrous or hispidulous; racemes 4–9, reduced to dense cuneate fascicles less than 2 cm long, the rachis often setose. Spikelets in 3–5 clustered pairs, lanceolate, hispidulous; glumes herbaceous, awned, the awns stout, purple, viscid; lower glume 3–5-veined, awn 5–10(–15) mm; upper glume 5-veined, awn 2–5 mm; lower lemma herbaceous, 5–9-veined, apex with a stout 1–2 mm mucro, palea absent; upper lemma subcoriaceous, smooth. Fl. and fr. Jul–Nov. 2n = 54.
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Trailing perennial; culm 150-500 mm long. Leaf blade 10-70 x 4-15 mm; ligule a fringed membrane. Inflorescence of racemes scattered on a slender central axis, racemes with 2-6 spikelets fascicled into wedge-shaped clumps. Spikelets 2.5-4.0 mm long; glumes ± equal, similar, shorter than spikelet, 3-5-nerved, with smooth, sticky awns; lower glume with longest awn, 7-14 mm long. Florets 2; lower floret sterile or rarely male; upper floret bisexual, lemma smooth, shining, margins inrolled and clasping palea, awnless; anther 1.7-2.4 mm long. Flowering time Jan.-July.
Perennial with trailing culms 15–50 cm. long.. Leaf-blades narrowly lanceolate to narrowly ovate, 1–7 cm. long, 4–15 mm. wide.. Inflorescence 2–8 cm. long, comprising 5–11 cuneate fascicles of 2–6 spikelets, or rarely the lowermost forming a short raceme.. Spikelets lanceolate, 2.5–4 mm. long, glabrous to sparsely pubescent; glumes with smooth viscid awns, the longest in each fascicle 7–14 mm. long.
Trailing perennial; culm 150-500 mm long. Leaf blade 10-70 x 4-15 mm. Inflorescence 100-125 mm long; with 2-6 spikelets fascicled into wedge-shaped clumps; rachis glabrous or with stiff hairs up to 2.8 mm long. Spikelet 2.5-4.0 mm long; glumes with smooth, sticky awns, longest awn 7-14 mm long; lower lemma awn 0.3-1.8 mm long; anther 1.7-2.4 mm long.
Trailing perennial, up to 500 mm tall. Leaf blades 10-70 mm long, 4-15 mm wide. Spikelets 2.5-4.0 mm long. Inflorescence of 2-6 fascicled spikelets in wedge-shaped clumps; glumes with smooth, sticky awns 7-14 mm long.
Spikelets 2.5–4 mm. long, glabrous to sparsely pubescent; awns smooth and sticky, the longest in each fascicle 7–14 mm.
Racemes reduced to cuneate fascicles without evident rhachis, or rarely the lowermost longer.
Trailing perennial with narrowly lanceolate to narrowly ovate leaf laminae.
Like O. hirtellus but spikelets 2-6 in fascicles.
Culms 15–50 cm. long.
Life form perennial
Growth form herb
Growth support free-standing
Foliage retention -
Sexuality hermaphrodite
Pollination -
Spread -
Mature width (meter) -
Mature height (meter) 0.2 - 0.5
Root system -
Rooting depth (meter) -
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color -
Blooming months
JanFebMar
AprMayJun
JulAugSep
OctNovDec
Fruit color -
Fruiting months
JanFebMar
AprMayJun
JulAugSep
OctNovDec
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway c3

Environment

Light 4-9
Soil humidity 3-7
Soil texture 3-4
Soil acidity -
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 10-10

Usage

Uses medicinal
Edible -
Therapeutic use -
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Mode -
Germination duration (days) -
Germination temperacture (C°) -
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment -
Minimum temperature (C°) 1
Optimum temperature (C°) -
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Images

Leaf

Oplismenus undulatifolius leaf picture by Cappelletto Andrea (cc-by-sa)
Oplismenus undulatifolius leaf picture by Mumdi Pertin (cc-by-sa)
Oplismenus undulatifolius leaf picture by Domenico Milani (cc-by-sa)

Distribution

Oplismenus undulatifolius world distribution map, present in China, United States of America, and South Africa

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:941386-1
WFO ID wfo-0000882190
COL ID 6SS42
BDTFX ID 45591
INPN ID 110732
Wikipedia (EN) Link
Wikipedia (FR)

Synonyms

Oplismenus simplex Orthopogon bolosii Panicum kraussii Panicum undulatifolium Hippagrostis undulatifolia Paniculum undulatifolium Oplismenus capensis Oplismenus undulatifolius f. elongatus Orthopogon undulatifolius Orthopogon undulatus Panicum burmannii Oplismenus africanus var. capensis Oplismenus africanus var. simplex Oplismenus hirtellus subsp. undulatifolius Oplismenus undulatifolius var. binatus Oplismenus undulatifolius var. elongatus Oplismenus undulatifolius var. glaber Oplismenus undulatifolius var. undulatifolius Oplismenus undulatifolius