Opuntia basilaris Engelm. & J.M.Bigelow

Beavertail pricklypear (en)

Species

Angiosperms > Caryophyllales > Cactaceae > Opuntia

Characteristics

Shrubs, forming clumps, 1-2(-3) segments tall, to 7-40 cm. Stem segments not disarticulating, blue-to yellow-green, sometimes tinged maroon-purple, flattened, spat-ulate to broadly obovate or subcircular, thick, 5-22(-35) × 2-13.5(-16) cm, nearly smooth, papillose to puberulent (rarely glabrous); areoles 4-16(-19) per diagonal row across midstem segment, circular to elliptic, 3-5 × 3 mm; wool white to tan, aging gray. Spines 0(-8) per areole, when present, usually in distal areoles, spreading, yellow, straight, acicular, 5-25 mm. Glochids numerous, nearly filling areoles, yellow to red-brown or dark brown, to 3 mm. Flowers: inner tepals pink to magenta throughout (rarely white), 25-40 mm; filaments red-magenta (rarely pale); anthers yellowish; style white to pink; stigma lobes white to cream. Fruits maturing tan, 20-40 × 15-23 mm, dry at maturity, puberulent, spineless (except in var. treleasei); umbilicus 5-12 mm deep; areoles 24-76. Seeds yellowish to tan, ± subspheric but angular, thick, 6.5-9 × 6.5-7 mm, sides smooth or bearing 1-3 depressions; girdle protruding to 1 mm.
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A bush cactus. It grows about 1 m high. The joints are almost oval. They are bluish-green or pale red-green. They are 10-20 cm long. They have a velvety appearance. The spine spots are brownish. The have barbed bristles and one short spine. It flowers in the daytime. The flowers are reddish-purple. They are 6-8 cm long.
Life form perennial
Growth form shrub
Growth support free-standing
Foliage retention evergreen
Sexuality hermaphrodite
Pollination entomogamy
Spread -
Mature width (meter) -
Mature height (meter) 0.3
Root system -
Rooting depth (meter) -
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color -
Blooming months -
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Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway cam

Environment

A subtropical plant. It needs a bright sunny position. It grows in dry conditions between 150-2,200 m above sea level. It needs a temperature above 7°C. It grows in alkaline soil. It suits hardiness zones 9-11.
More
Sandy or rocky soil with chipping in chaparral, woodlands, desert flats, plains, valleys, streams and hills generally in hot deserts; at elevations from 100-1,800 metres.
Light -
Soil humidity -
Soil texture -
Soil acidity -
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 7-11

Usage

The unripe fruit are boiled or baked. The ripe fruit are eaten raw or dried and made into syrup and jam. Young pads are sliced and used in stews and other dishes. Flowers and flower buds are cooked and eaten.
Uses environmental use food medicinal
Edible flowers fruits seeds stems
Therapeutic use Wart (unspecified)
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Plants can be grown from seed or cuttings.
Mode cuttings seedlings
Germination duration (days) -
Germination temperacture (C°) -
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment -
Minimum temperature (C°) -
Optimum temperature (C°) -
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Images

Habit

Opuntia basilaris habit picture by Daniel Barthelemy (cc-by-nc)

Leaf

Opuntia basilaris leaf picture by jeremy taylor (cc-by-sa)
Opuntia basilaris leaf picture by jeremy taylor (cc-by-sa)

Distribution

Opuntia basilaris world distribution map, present in Mexico and United States of America

Conservation status

Opuntia basilaris threat status: Least Concern

Identifiers

LSID -
WFO ID wfo-0001286991
COL ID 74RJK
BDTFX ID 168412
INPN ID -
Wikipedia (EN) Link
Wikipedia (FR) Link

Synonyms

Opuntia intricata Opuntia basilaris Opuntia whitneyana Opuntia humistrata Opuntia brachyclada subsp. humistrata Opuntia basilaris var. humistrata Opuntia basilaris subsp. whitneyana Opuntia basilaris var. albiflora Opuntia basilaris var. albiflora Opuntia basilaris var. cordata Opuntia basilaris var. whitneyana Opuntia treleasei var. kernii Opuntia whitneyana var. albiflora

Lower taxons

Opuntia basilaris var. longiareolata Opuntia basilaris var. basilaris Opuntia basilaris var. brachyclada Opuntia basilaris var. treleasei Opuntia basilaris var. heilii