Opuntia leucotricha Dc.

Arborescent pricklypear (en), Oponce des hauts plateaux (fr)

Species

Angiosperms > Caryophyllales > Cactaceae > Opuntia

Characteristics

Erect shrub 3–4 m high, to 4 m diam., trunk well-developed, to 1 m high and 15–30 cm wide in older plants. Stem segments firmly attached, broadly obovate to suborbicular, 10–30 cm long, 7.5–20 cm wide, 10–13 mm thick, compressed, not tuberculate, grey-green, minutely whitish-pubescent, the hairs 0.3–0.5 mm long. Areoles 30–80 per stem segment face, 9–20 mm apart, circular or subcircular, 2–3.5 mm wide, not raised, with wool pale brown. Leaves succulent, subulate, aristate, velvety, caducous. Spines 2–6 per areole (8–10 in older stem segments, and irregularly curving), 1 much longer, spreading, 15–40 mm long, c. 0.2 mm wide at base, narrowly elliptic in cross-section, straight or slightly curved, filiform, flexible, not barbed, white. Glochids few in a dense tuft, conspicuous, bristle-like, 0.5–9 mm long, reddish brown. Flowers 40–50 mm diam.; outer tepals often reddish tinged, succulent, narrow-obovate to obovate, acute; inner tepals yellow, spreading, broad-obovate to obovate-cuneate, 25–40 mm long, 15–20 mm wide,  the apex obtuse with a short mucro, minutely denticulate; staminal filaments very pale yellow, anthers pale yellow; style very pale yellow, stigma lobes green; pericarpel (at anthesis) tuberculate, with some apical, setaceous spines. Fruit solitary, obovoid to obconic, 25–35 (–50) mm long, 20–30 mm diam., umbilicus deep, not tuberculate, spineless or with filiform spines (spines and even areoles deciduous to varying degrees), yellowish to reddish at maturity, succulent but not juicy. Seeds not seen.
More
Shrub or small tree, 3-4 m high; densely covered with spines in a regular subspiral arrangement; cladodes oblong to broadly ovate, up to 250 mm long, velvety; areoles < 20 mm apart. Spines in groups of 3-6, up to 20 mm long. Leaves small, subulate, aristate, velvety, caducous. Flowers: ± 50 mm long; perianth segments yellow; Nov., Dec. Fruit yellowish green, spineless to clothed with long, wispy, filiform spines; spines or even complete areoles caducous to varying degrees.
A tree like cactus. It grows 5 m tall. The fruit can be white or red. They have a smell.
Life form perennial
Growth form shrub
Growth support free-standing
Foliage retention deciduous
Sexuality hermaphrodite
Pollination entomogamy
Spread -
Mature width (meter) -
Mature height (meter) 3.5 - 4.0
Root system -
Rooting depth (meter) -
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color -
Blooming months -
Fruit color
Fruiting months -
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway -

Environment

Sparingly established in semi-arid and arid inland areas of South Australia, Queensland and Victoria. In South Australia it has been collected from a creek bed under Eucalyptus camaldulensis. In Victoria it has been collected from mallee, in a dump area on calcareous red earth.
More
Xerophyllous scrub and matorral.
It is a tropical plant.
Light -
Soil humidity 1-3
Soil texture -
Soil acidity -
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 8-11

Usage

The fruit are eaten raw or made into a fermented drink.
Uses animal food eating environmental use food hedge
Edible fruits stems
Therapeutic use -
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Can be grown by seedlings.
Mode seedlings
Germination duration (days) -
Germination temperacture (C°) -
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment -
Minimum temperature (C°) -
Optimum temperature (C°) -
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Vigor -
Productivity -

Images

Leaf

Opuntia leucotricha leaf picture by Francisco Barrios (cc-by-sa)
Opuntia leucotricha leaf picture by Lorenzo Rovelli (cc-by-sa)

Flower

Opuntia leucotricha flower picture by la Torre Àngel (cc-by-sa)

Distribution

Opuntia leucotricha world distribution map, present in Australia, Spain, Mexico, United States of America, and South Africa

Conservation status

Opuntia leucotricha threat status: Least Concern

Identifiers

LSID -
WFO ID wfo-0001287130
COL ID 6SRMV
BDTFX ID 85640
INPN ID 610570
Wikipedia (EN) Link
Wikipedia (FR) Link

Synonyms

Opuntia leucosticta Opuntia leucacantha Opuntia lanigera Opuntia erythrocentron Opuntia subferox Opuntia rufescens Opuntia fulvispina Nopalea angustifrons Opuntia zamudioi Opuntia durangensis Opuntia pyriformis Opuntia leucacantha Consolea leucacantha Opuntia leucantha Opuntia fulvispina var. badia Opuntia fulvispina var. laevior Opuntia leucacantha var. laevior Opuntia leucacantha var. subferox Opuntia leucotricha var. fulvispina Opuntia leucotricha