Orbea variegata (L.) Haw.

Starfishplant (en), Orbéa bigarré (fr)

Species

Angiosperms > Gentianales > Apocynaceae > Orbea

Characteristics

Small succulent forming clump 50-200 mm (-1 m) diam., not rhizomatous. Stems 25-100 mm long, 5-10 mm thick (excluding teeth), (shortly) decumbent, green mottled with purple-brown; tubercles 3-9 mm long, arranged loosely into 4 obtuse rows along stem with groove between rows, tapering into spreading to ascending conical acute tooth often with minute denticle on either side near apex. Inflorescence 1 per stem near base, of 1-3 flowers developing successively from short peduncle (to ±10 mm long), with few small subulate bracts (<1.5 mm long); pedicel 20-60 mm long, 2-3 mm thick, horizontal usually with ascending apex holding flower facing upwards, pale green to pinkish streaked with red-purple; sepals 5-8 mm long, 2-3 mm broad at base, ovate to ovate-lanceolate, acute to acuminate. Corolla 45-80 mm diam., ± rotate; outside smooth, pale cream-green becoming veined with red-purple towards tips of lobes; inside rugulose on annulus, transversely rugulose on lobes becoming nearly smooth towards tips as well as base of tube and behind rim of annulus, cream to greenish yellow variously spotted with purple-brown with fewer and finer dots on annulus; tube shallowly bowl-shaped, formed by annulus around gynostegium, annulus pentagonal to circular and 18-23 mm diam., shallowly bowl-shaped with spreading to recurved and thinner rim, with dense ring of short erect cylindrical bristles in base around gynostegium; lobes 16-25 mm long, 12-21 mm broad at base, ovate, acute to shortly acuminate, spreading to slightly recurved, margins eciliate. Corona ±8 mm tall, 12-15 mm broad, raised above base of tube on short cylindrical stipe <1 mm tall; outer lobes 4-6 mm long, 2 mm broad, ascending spreading, linear-oblong narrowing slightly towards 2-3-toothed apex, slightly thicker along centre than towards sides, cream dotted with purple-brown (larger purple-brown patch at base under guide-rail); inner lobes 3-4 mm long, adpressed to backs of anthers then rising up connivent-erect in centre and recurved towards tips, dorsiventrally flattened and ovate near base then narrowing to nearly terete and with clavate-tuberculate apex, with ascending slightly spreading laterally flattened dorsal horn up to 3-4 mm long below level of anthers also with clavate-tuberculate apex, cream dotted with purple-brown.
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Perennial succulent; stems erect from decumbent base, 25-150 x 5-11 mm, obtusely 4-angled with conical teeth 3-9 mm long, glabrous, green with purple markings. Flowers 1-5; pedicels 20-60 mm long; foetid odour. Sepals 5-8 mm long, ovate-lanceolate, acute to acuminate. Corolla 45-80 mm in diam., rotate with strong transverse rugulosity; typically pale greenish yellow with purple-brown spots; annulus prominent, 18-23 mm in diam., pentagonal to circular; lobes sometimes recurved, 16-25 x 12-22 mm, ovate, acute to acuminate. Corona cream-coloured, spotted purple; outer lobes spreading or ascending, 4-6 mm long, linear-oblong, apex with 2 or 3 small teeth; inner lobes 2-4 mm long, 2-horned, incumbent on anthers, horns filiform with apices clavate and minutely tuberculate, inner horns connivent-erect and recurving, outer horns erect or ascending.
Stems erect, to 15 cm long, to 1 cm wide; teeth conical. Flowers 8–10 mm long, 4.5–8 cm diam.; pedicels 6–12 mm long, glabrous. Corolla campanulate, yellow with brown to purple blotches; lobes lanceolate-ovate, 2–2.5 cm long, 1.5–1.8 mm wide. Annular corona 3–4 mm long, 2–2.3 cm diam.; staminal corona lobes erect and incurved over staminal column, yellow brown with brown to purple blotches; interstaminal corona lobes oblong, 5–6 mm long, 1.4–1.5 mm wide, bilobed, yellow and brown with brown to purple blotches. Follicles 6–8 cm long.
Like O. pulchella but annulus forming a shallowly bowl-shaped tube with spreading thinner rim, inner corona lobes much longer, tuberculate-clavate-tipped with prominent dorsal horn.
A small succulent plant that forms clumps 5-20 cm across. The stems are 2.5-10 cm long and 5-10 mm thick. They are green with purple to brown mottling. .
Life form perennial
Growth form herb
Growth support free-standing
Foliage retention evergreen
Sexuality hermaphrodite
Pollination entomogamy
Spread epizoochory
Mature width (meter) 0.1 - 0.5
Mature height (meter) 0.05 - 0.08
Root system -
Rooting depth (meter) -
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color
Blooming months -
Fruit color -
Fruiting months -
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway -

Environment

Grows in disturbedrocky ground or in open brigalow forest.
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It is a subtropical plant.
Light 7-9
Soil humidity -
Soil texture 6-8
Soil acidity 2-8
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 9-11

Usage

Uses environmental use medicinal
Edible fruits stems
Therapeutic use -
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Can be grown by cuttings or seedlings.
Mode cuttings seedlings
Germination duration (days) -
Germination temperacture (C°) -
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment -
Minimum temperature (C°) -
Optimum temperature (C°) -
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Images

Orbea variegata unspecified picture

Distribution

Orbea variegata world distribution map, present in Australia, France, and South Africa

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:99924-1
WFO ID wfo-0001102267
COL ID 6T3D7
BDTFX ID 101867
INPN ID 610576
Wikipedia (EN) Link
Wikipedia (FR) Link

Synonyms

Orbea inodora Stapelia natalensis Stapelia x rosea Stapelia x rufescens Orbea quinquenervia Stapelia atrata Stapelia beffoniana Stapelia monstrosa Podanthes lepida Stapelia ophiuncula Stapelia orbiculata Stapelia horizontalis Stapelia scutellata Stapelia bifolia Orbea bisulca Orbea bufonia Orbea clypeata Orbea curtisii Orbea lepida Orbea mixta Orbea orbicularis Orbea picta Orbea retusa Orbea variegata Stapelia anguinea Stapelia atropurpurea Stapelia conspurcata Stapelia curtisii Stapelia inodora Stapelia lepida Stapelia obliqua Stapelia orbicularis Stapelia picta Stapelia quinquenervis Stapelia retusa Stapelia variegata Orbea woodfordiana Stapelia bufonia Stapelia clypeata Stapelia marginata Stapelia marmorata Stapelia mixta Stapelia normalis Stapelia planiflora Stapelia rugosa Stissera variegata Orbea trisulca Stapelia hispida Stapelia x tigrina Stapelia putida Stapelia bidentata Stapelia bufonis Stapelia variegata var. brevicornis Stapelia limosa Orbea anguinea