Ornithogalum umbellatum L.

Nap-at-noon (en), Dame donze heures (fr), Ornithogale à feuilles étroites (fr), Ornithogale en ombelle (fr), Dame-d'onze-heures (fr)

Species

Angiosperms > Asparagales > Asparagaceae > Ornithogalum

Characteristics

Clump-forming, green or glaucous, usually glabrous, 10-30 cm high. Bulb to 3 cm diam.; bulbils many. Leaves 6-9, 8-30 cm × 2-6 mm, usually > scape, deeply channelled with white shining median line. Bracts membranous, to 5 cm long, linear-lanceolate. Flowers 6-20, in a corymbose raceme, pedicels spreading, lowest to 6 cm long, ± horizontal after flowering; segments 15-20 mm long, white with green median stripe externally, persistent and membranous at fruiting. Capsule oblong-obovoid, 6-angled.
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Bulb renewed each year; lvs elongate, 2–5+ mm wide, with a white stripe on the upper surface; scape 1–3 dm; raceme 3–10-fld, the ascending pedicels longer than the internodes; bracts up to as long as the pedicels; fls erect; tep spreading, lance-oblong, 1.5–2 cm, white above, with a broad green midstripe beneath; ovary longer than the style; 2n=18–108. Native of Europe, escaped from cult. into roadsides and even fields and woods in our range. May, June.
A bulb plant. It grows 15-30 cm high and 8-10 cm wide. Normally there are several offsets forming tufts of leaves around the parent plant. The leaves are very narrow. They are 30 cm long. The leaves have a central silver stripe. The stout stems have numerous starry white flowers. They are tinted green at the centre. They have a green stripe on the back. The fruit is a capsule with 6 equal angles. The bulbs are very white. The bulbs are edible.
Leaves 6-9, linear, flat or channelled, to 30 cm long and 6 mm wide. Inflorescence corymb-like with 6-20 flowers, usually exceeding leaves; lower pedicels to 7 cm long, upper shorter. Perianth segments 15-20 mm long, white with an abaxial green stripe; stripe broader on sepals. Stamens with filaments entire. Ovary ovoid to obovoid, green or yellow. Capsule oblong or obovoid, with 6 obtuse angles.
Life form perennial
Growth form herb
Growth support free-standing
Foliage retention deciduous
Sexuality hermaphrodite
Pollination entomogamy
Spread barochory
Mature width (meter) 0.58 - 0.15
Mature height (meter) 0.13 - 0.3
Root system rhizome
Rooting depth (meter) -
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color
Blooming months
JanFebMar
AprMayJun
JulAugSep
OctNovDec
Fruit color -
Fruiting months -
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway c3

Environment

It is a temperate plant. It is frost hardy. It suits hardiness zones 5-10. Tasmanian Herbarium.
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Grassy places in eastern England.
Light 4-8
Soil humidity 3-7
Soil texture 2-5
Soil acidity 4-8
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 5-8

Usage

The bulbs can be eaten raw or cooked. They are often roasted like chestnuts. Because they contain toxic components they are normally boiled with several changes of water, then eaten. They are crushed and mixed with cereal flour for bread. The flowers have been eaten baked in bread.
Uses environmental use medicinal poison
Edible bulbs flowers leaves roots
Therapeutic use Diuretic (unspecified), Poison (unspecified)
Human toxicity toxic (bulb), toxic (whole)
Animal toxicity toxic (bulb), toxic (whole)

Cultivation

Can be grown by seedlings.
Mode seedlings
Germination duration (days) 22 - 104
Germination temperacture (C°) 16 - 18
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment -
Minimum temperature (C°) -29
Optimum temperature (C°) -
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Images

Habit

Ornithogalum umbellatum habit picture by Vinciane Bertrand (cc-by-sa)
Ornithogalum umbellatum habit picture by Vinciane Bertrand (cc-by-sa)
Ornithogalum umbellatum habit picture by Sabina Hartmann (cc-by-sa)

Leaf

Ornithogalum umbellatum leaf picture by Joseph Jerry (cc-by-sa)
Ornithogalum umbellatum leaf picture by Silke Dengler (cc-by-sa)
Ornithogalum umbellatum leaf picture by Sabina Hartmann (cc-by-sa)

Flower

Ornithogalum umbellatum flower picture by Joelle Jardot (cc-by-sa)
Ornithogalum umbellatum flower picture by ol lespi (cc-by-sa)
Ornithogalum umbellatum flower picture by Lionnel Alexandre (cc-by-sa)

Fruit

Ornithogalum umbellatum fruit picture by Dieter Albrecht (cc-by-sa)
Ornithogalum umbellatum fruit picture by Tamela Tamela Alexander (cc-by-sa)

Distribution

Ornithogalum umbellatum world distribution map, present in Åland Islands, Albania, Australia, Austria, Bulgaria, Canada, Switzerland, Czech Republic, Germany, Denmark, Spain, Finland, France, Micronesia (Federated States of), United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, Georgia, Hungary, Ireland, Italy, Malaysia, Nicaragua, Netherlands, Norway, New Zealand, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Sweden, Ukraine, and United States of America

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:539600-1
WFO ID wfo-0000709833
COL ID 758K8
BDTFX ID 46526
INPN ID 111391
Wikipedia (EN) Link
Wikipedia (FR) Link

Synonyms

Hyacinthus umbellatus Ornithogalum horologicum Ornithogalum boraeanum Ornithogalum praetextum Ornithogalum rusticum Ornithogalum stellare Stellaris corymbosa Ornithogalum vulgare Ornithogalum fasciculatum Ornithogalum garganicum Ornithogalum campestre Ornithogalum cespititium Ornithogalum affine Ornithogalum preumbellatum Ornithogalum peyrei Ornithogalum tardans Ornithogalum minus Ornithogalum parviflorum Scilla campestris Ornithogalum angustifolium Ornithogalum corymbosum Ornithogalum dioscoridis Ornithogalum umbellatum subsp. campestre Ornithogalum umbellatum var. angustifolium Ornithogalum umbellatum var. minus Ornithogalum comosum subsp. garganicum Ornithogalum umbellatum var. nanum Ornithogalum nanum Ornithogalum umbellatum subsp. angustifolium Ornithogalum umbellatum