Orontium aquaticum L.

Goldenclub (en)

Species

Angiosperms > Alismatales > Araceae > Orontium

Characteristics

Roots contractile. Rhizomes 1.5--3 cm diam. Leaves: petiole dark green to red-green, 10--40(--60) cm; blade (6--)10--30(--45) cm, about ±1/3 as wide (greater than 3 cm wide), main veins from base, curving apically parallel to midvein. Inflorescences: spadix bright yellow, 2--10 cm ´ 5--10 mm, apex rounded. Flowers covering spadix; tepals (2--)6, arched over ovaries, yellow; stamens (2--)6, sometimes with 1 or 2 staminodes; ovaries 1-locular, ovules 1. Fruits 1--2 cm diam.; pericarp thin. Seeds 1--1.5 cm diam.; endosperm absent; germinating soon after falling from parent plant. 2n = 26.
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A taro family plant which grows in water. It grows to 30-45 cm high and 60-75 cm across. It has large thick rhizomes. The leaves are narrowly oblong. They can be under the water, floating on the water, or above the water. The leaves can be 25 cm long. The leaves often have a purple tint underneath. The flowers are small and bright yellow. These are near the top of cylinder shaped white flower stalks. The flower stalks are 18 cm long.
Petioles 1–2 dm; blades elliptic, 6–20 cm, a third as wide, acute, narrowed below to an obtuse or acute base, the veins parallel from base to apex, with numerous transverse connecting veinlets; scape 2–4 dm, flattened above; spadix 2–5 cm; 2n=26. Swamps and shallow water, especially on the coastal plain; Mass. to Fla., w. to c. N.Y., sw. Pa., e. Ky., w. Tenn., and La.
Life form perennial
Growth form herb
Growth support free-standing
Foliage retention deciduous
Sexuality hermaphrodite
Pollination entomogamy
Spread -
Mature width (meter) 0.5 - 1.0
Mature height (meter) 0.4 - 0.5
Root system rhizome
Rooting depth (meter) -
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color
Blooming months
JanFebMar
AprMayJun
JulAugSep
OctNovDec
Fruit color -
Fruiting months -
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway -

Environment

A temperate plant. A plant which grows in water. It can tolerate frost. It grows in deep mud. The water should not be more than 45 cm deep. It suits hardiness zones 7-10.
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Sandy, muddy or peaty shores and in shallow water.
Light 7-9
Soil humidity 9-12
Soil texture 1-4
Soil acidity 3-7
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 7-9

Usage

Caution: The roots and seeds are toxic without proper processing. The roots can be dried and made into flour. The seeds are dried. They need to be boiled several times. The flowers are eaten.
Uses medicinal
Edible flowers roots seeds
Therapeutic use -
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Plants can be grown from fresh seed. They can also be grown by dividing the rhizome.
Mode divisions seedlings
Germination duration (days) -
Germination temperacture (C°) -
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment -
Minimum temperature (C°) -18
Optimum temperature (C°) -
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Images

Habit

Orontium aquaticum habit picture by Eli Small (cc-by-sa)

Flower

Orontium aquaticum flower picture by steven Levenberg (cc-by-sa)

Distribution

Orontium aquaticum world distribution map, present in Åland Islands, Georgia, Malaysia, Nicaragua, and United States of America

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:87585-1
WFO ID wfo-0000261011
COL ID 7589T
BDTFX ID -
INPN ID -
Wikipedia (EN) Link
Wikipedia (FR) Link

Synonyms

Orontium vaginatum Orontium angustifolium Orontium aquaticum Pothos ovatus Orontium aquaticum f. natans Orontium aquaticum f. terrestre Amidena undulata Aronia aquatica