Oxystelma esculentum (L.F.) Sm.

Species

Angiosperms > Gentianales > Apocynaceae > Oxystelma

Characteristics

Lianas to at least 4 m, glabrous except for flowers. Petiole 1-1.5 cm; leaf blade linear or linear-lanceolate, 6-11 × 0.7-2 cm, membranous, base rounded; lateral veins 9-12 pairs, marginal vein present. Inflorescences longer than leaves, (1-or) 2-4-flowered. Flower buds 8-9 mm. Sepals ovate-lanceolate, ca. 3.5 × 1 mm. Corolla white with purple veins or blotches, 2-3 cm in diam., limb 1.5-2 cm; lobes triangular, 1-1.5 cm, densely ciliate. Outer corona densely pubescent. Pollinia ca. 1.5 mm. Ovaries glabrous. Follicles lanceolate in outline, ca. 5 × 1.5 cm, apex subacute. Seeds ovate, ca. 2 × 1.5 mm; coma 1.5-2 cm. Fl. Jul-Sep, fr. Oct-Dec.
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A soft slender climber. The plant contains a white latex. The leaves are opposite and each pair is at right angles to the ones above and below it. The leaves are long and sword shaped. They are dark green with light green veins. They are 3.5-8 cm long by 4-10 mm wide. The leaf stalk is 3-12 mm long. The flowers occur as 2-3 together. They are 2-3 cm wide. The flowers are bell shaped. There are 5 triangular lobes. These are hairy at the edges. The flowers are white with reddish streaks inside. The fruit are many seeded dry fruit. They are oblong and curved. They are 4-7 cm long by 1.6 cm wide. The seeds are oval and flat.
Slender vine. Stems wiry to herbaceous; brachysclereids absent. Leaves with petiole 0.5–1.3 cm long; lamina linear-lanceolate, 3–9 cm long, 3–9 mm wide, cuneate at base, acute; colleters absent. Inflorescence racemiform, of 1 or 2 fascicles. Flowers c. 7 mm long, 15–25 mm diam.; pedicels 1–2 cm long. Corolla flattened-campanulate, cream to pink, glabrous outside; lobes 5–10 mm long, c. 7 mm wide, l:w ratio 0.7–1.4. Annular corona of dense hairs present; staminal corona lobes ovate-lanceolate, with tips incurved over anthers, c. 5 mm long, 1.5 mm wide at base, cream. Follicles 4–8 cm long.
Life form perennial
Growth form herb
Growth support climber
Foliage retention deciduous
Sexuality hermaphrodite
Pollination -
Spread -
Mature width (meter) -
Mature height (meter) -
Root system -
Rooting depth (meter) -
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color -
Blooming months
JanFebMar
AprMayJun
JulAugSep
OctNovDec
Fruit color -
Fruiting months
JanFebMar
AprMayJun
JulAugSep
OctNovDec
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway -

Environment

A tropical plant. It grows on the Deccan in India. It grows naturally on stream banks. It grows up to an altitude of 900 metres. In Yunnan, China it grows between 800-1300 m altitude.
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Grows in alluvial mulga woodland or grasslands fringing swamps.
Light -
Soil humidity -
Soil texture -
Soil acidity -
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 7-11

Usage

The shoots are eaten raw. The fruit are eaten mixed with seasoning or salt.
Uses medicinal seasoning
Edible fruits leaves
Therapeutic use Anti-bacterial agents (aerial part), Diuretics (aerial part), Lipid peroxidation (aerial part), Anthelmintics (fruit), Expectorants (fruit), Gonorrhea (fruit), Vitiligo (fruit), Antifungal agents (leaf), Furunculosis (leaf), Furunculosis (plant exudate), Scabies (plant exudate), Ulcer (plant exudate), Jaundice (root), Sore (unspecified), Depurative (unspecified), Megalospleny (unspecified), Jaundice (unspecified), Anticonvulsants (unspecified), Antineoplastic agents (unspecified), Aphrodisiacs (unspecified), Bronchitis (unspecified), Diuretics (unspecified), Dysmenorrhea (unspecified), Laxatives (unspecified), Oral ulcer (unspecified), Pharyngitis (unspecified), Ulcer (unspecified), Vitiligo (unspecified)
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Plants can be grown from seeds or cuttings.
Mode seedlings
Germination duration (days) -
Germination temperacture (C°) -
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment -
Minimum temperature (C°) -
Optimum temperature (C°) -
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Images

Leaf

Oxystelma esculentum leaf picture by Arvind Kulkarni (cc-by-sa)

Flower

Oxystelma esculentum flower picture by Arvind Kulkarni (cc-by-sa)

Distribution

Oxystelma esculentum world distribution map, present in Australia, China, and Pakistan

Conservation status

Oxystelma esculentum threat status: Least Concern

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:60458242-2
WFO ID wfo-0001104832
COL ID 4BKC8
BDTFX ID -
INPN ID -
Wikipedia (EN) Link
Wikipedia (FR)

Synonyms

Marsdenia brockmaniana Asclepias rosea Secamone aegyptiaca Periploca esculenta Sarcostemma esculentum Oxystelma wallichii Oxystelma zippelianum Oxystelma alpini Oxystelma secamone var. wallichii Oxystelma esculentum var. wallichii Oxystelma esculentum

Lower taxons

Oxystelma esculentum var. alpini