Trees or shrubs, 3-10 m. Stems erect or ascending, many branched, non-suckering; prop roots present or absent; numerous aerial roots often present. Leaves green, often glaucous abaxially, linear-ensiform, to 180 × 10 cm, spinose-serrate on margin and midvein abaxially, apex abruptly long acuminate. Male inflorescence to 60 cm, pedunculate, paniculately compound with ultimate spiciform branches; spathes 13-18, white, narrowly lanceolate, 10-60 × 1.5-4 cm, serrate on margin and midvein; spikes pendulous, 8-20 mm; stamens 10(-25), racemosely fasciculate; filaments connate below, 1-3 mm; anthers linear, ca. 3 × 0.6 mm, connective mucronate. Female inflorescence capitate, solitary, globose to ovoid-ellipsoid, 10-25 cm; spathes numerous, white, 15-30 × 1.4-2.5 cm, margin serrate; ovule 1 per locule. Syncarp pendulous, globose or cylindric, to 17 × 15 cm; phalanges 40-80 per aggregate-head, each phalange comprising 4-12 fused obconic carpels connate below and free above, fragrant, yellow to orange to yellowish brown from base to apex, 4-10 × 1-6.5 cm; carpel apices distinct, flattened or angled, tuberculate; persistent stigma subsessile, slightly protruded. Fl. Jan-May, fr. Oct.
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