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Semi-hydrophytic annual or short lived perennial 140-2000 mm, scrambler, often rooting at lower nodes. Leaf blade 12-70 x 1.2-5.0(-10.0) mm. Inflorescence 20-90 mm long, oblong to pyramidal, branches sparsely branched; clavate hairs usually present, rarely absent; pedicels 0.2-2.7(9.0) mm long. Spikelet 2.0-2.5(-3.0) mm long, narrowly elliptic-oblong, obtuse, often tinged purple; lower glume narrowly ovate, 1/2-2/3 the spikelet length, 0-1-nerved, not clasping; upper glume 7-9-nerved; lower floret male or sterile, lemma7-9-nerved, palea developed or reduced, usually slightly narrower and shorter than lower lemma; upper lemma sometimes minutely granulose, especially towards apex, usually shiny.
Semi-hygrophytic annual or short lived perennial, 0.14-2.00 m high, scrambler, often rooting at lower nodes. Leaf blade 12-70 x 1.2-5.0(-10.0) mm. Inflorescence an oblong to pyramidal panicle, 20-90 mm long; sparsely branched; clavate hairs usually present, rarely absent. Spikelets 2.0-2.5(-3.0) mm long, narrowly elliptic-oblong, dorsiventrally compressed, often purple-tinged; lower glume narrowly ovate, 1/2-2/3 length of spikelet; upper glume 7-9-nerved. Florets 2; lower floret male or sterile, lemma (7-)9-11-nerved, palea developed or reduced; upper floret bisexual, lemma indurated, shiny, entire, margins only clasping edges of palea. Flowering time Dec.-May.
Scrambler and hydrophyte (often rooting at lower nodes), culms up to 2 m long. Leaf blades 12-70 mm long, l,2-5.0(-10) mm wide. Spikelets 2.0-2.5(-3.0) mm long. Inflorescence branches sparsely branched, with clavellate hairs usually present, rarely absent; spikelets often purple-tinged; lower glume narrowly ovate, half to two-thirds the length of spikelet; upper glume 7-9-nerved; lower floret male or sterile, lemma (7-)9-11-nerved, palea usually well developed, sometimes reduced; female-fertile (upper) lemma granulose, especially towards apex.
Spikelets 2–2.5(3) mm. long, oblong; inferior glume 1/2–2/3 the length of the spikelet, 0–1-nerved; superior glume 7–9-nerved; inferior lemma 7–9-nerved, sterile, its palea poorly developed; superior lemma shiny.
Panicle 2–10 cm. long, oblong, pilose with both tapering and clavellate hairs, rarely the clavellate hairs absent.
Leaf laminae 1.2–7(8.5) cm. long and 2–5(10) mm. wide, lanceolate, acute.
Prostrate perennial, rarely with the clavellate hairs absent
Aquatic annual with slender culms 14–120 cm. long.
