Panicum schinzii Hack. ex Schinz

Land grass (en), Millet sud-africain (fr), Panic à feuilles lisses (fr), Panic de Schinz (fr)

Species

Angiosperms > Poales > Poaceae > Panicum

Characteristics

Strong, erect, glabrous, light or dull green to purplish annuals, to 120 cm, in diffuse tufts with stems much branched near base. Leaf-sheath submembranous, rounded, somewhat keeled above, glabrous. Ligule a membranous rim c. 0.5 mm, tipped by a ciliate fringe usually c. 1 mm. Leaf-blade 8-20 cm × 4-8 mm, long-tapering, glabrous, firm, midrib prominent; margins sometimes undulate below, tip acuminate. Culm (20)-35-80-(100) cm, terete or compressed, nodes brownish, internodes glabrous. Panicle 15-35 cm, very lax, branches later widely spreading; rachis and branches smooth, branchlets and pedicels finer, minutely scabrid on angles. Spikelets 2.2-2.7 mm, glabrous, ovate-elliptic, obtuse, rather dull. Glumes very unequal; lower 0.6-1 mm, clasping spikelet base, truncate, sometimes with a central subacute tip, upper = spikelet, (7)-9-11-nerved, elliptic, subacute. Lower floret ♂: lemma 9-nerved; palea narrower, narrowly winged above, 2-keeled, keels glabrous; anthers 1-1.8 mm. Upper floret ☿: lemma 1.8-2 mm, elliptic, subacute, faintly striolate, glabrous, shining, light cream; palea narrower; anthers 1.2-1.6 mm; caryopsis c. 1.5-2 × 1 mm.
More
Tufted annual, up to 900 mm high, erect to sprawling; occasionally rooting at nodes. Leaf blade up to 300 x 20 mm, expanded or folded, glabrous, dark green. Inflorescence a 100-350 mm long, oblanceolate to narrowly obovate panicle, open, profusely branched with many spikelets; well exserted from uppermost leaf. Spikelets 2.0-2.5(-3.5) mm long, obtuse, dorsiventrally compressed, glabrous, light green often tinged with purple, rarely entirely purple; apex of glumes not recurved; lower glume 1/4 as long as spikelet, broadly ovate, cuff-like, 1-nerved; upper glume (7-)9-11-nerved. Florets 2; lower floret male or both male and sterile occurring in same inflorescence, lemma (7-)9-11-nerved, palea well developed; upper floret bisexual, lemma indurated, pale to yellow to light brown, shiny, entire, margins only clasping edges of palea. Flowering time Nov.-May.
Tufted annual to 900 mm high, erect to sprawling; occasionally rooting at nodes; lower sheaths glabrous or sparsely hairy at extreme base; culm nodes glabrous. Leaf blade to 300 x to 20 mm, expanded or folded, glabrous, dark green. Inflorescence 100-350 mm long, oblanceolate to narrowly obovate, open; moderately branched; well exserted from uppermost leaf; spikelets many. Spikelet 2.0-2.5 (-3.5) mm long, obtuse, glabrous, light green often tinged with purple, rarely entirely purple; glumes apices not recurved; lower glume 1/4 as long as spikelet, broadly ovate, cuff-like, 1-nerved; upper glume (7)9-11-nerved; lower floret male, or both male and sterile occurring in same inflorescence, lower lemma (7)9-11-nerved, palea well developed; upper lemma pale to yellow to light brown, shiny.
Annual, tufted (erect to sprawling, occasionally rooting at nodes), up to 0.9 m high. Leaf blades up to 300 mm long, up to 20 mm wide. Lower sheaths glabrous or sparsely hairy at extreme base, leaves dark green. Spikelets 2.0-2.5(-3.5) mm long. Inflorescence well exserted from uppermost leaf, open, oblanceolate to narrowly obovate, profusely branched with many spikelets; spikelets blunt; tips of glumes not recurved; lower glume broadly ovate; upper glume and lower lemma 9-11-nerved; lower floret male or both male and sterile occurring in the same inflorescence, palea well developed; female-fertile (upper) lemma pale to yellow, shiny.
Annual; up to 0.9 m high; tufted; occasionally rooting at nodes. Culms erect to sprawling; Leaf blades up to 300 x 20 mm; lower sheaths glabrous or sparsely hairy at extreme base; leaves dark green. Flowers: panicle slightly contracted; well exserted from uppermost leaf; open; narrowly obovate; profusely branched with many spikelets; spikelets 2.0-2.5(-3.5) mm long; obtuse to bluntly acute; apices of glumes not recurved; lower glume broadly ovate; upper glume and lower lemma 9-11-nerved; lower floret male or both male and sterile occurring in same inflorescence; palea well developed; upper female-fertile lemma pale to yellow; shiny.
Spikelets 2.3–2.8 mm. long, elliptic oblong, obtuse orbluntly acute, glabrous, typically bluish-green; inferior glume 1/6–1/5 the length of the spikelet, cuff-like, 1-nerved, lateral nerves usually obscure, obtuse or bluntly acute; superior glume as long as the spikelet, ovate, 7–9-nerved; inferior lemma similar to the superior glume, enclosing a male flower; superior lemma and palea pale brown, shiny.
Panicle 10–35 cm. long, oblong or ovate oblong, moderately branched, the branches fine and flexuous, axillary panicles often present.
Sprawling annual to 1 m. Leaves linear-lanceolate. Spikelets in an open panicle, 2-3 mm long, lower lemma 9-11-nerved.
Leaf laminae 10–40 cm. long and 5–15 mm. wide, linear, typically bluish green.
Glabrous annual with erect or ascending culms 30–120 cm. high.
Life form annual
Growth form herb
Growth support free-standing
Foliage retention -
Sexuality hermaphrodite
Pollination anemogamy
Spread barochory
Mature width (meter) -
Mature height (meter) 0.9
Root system -
Rooting depth (meter) -
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color -
Blooming months
JanFebMar
AprMayJun
JulAugSep
OctNovDec
Fruit color -
Fruiting months -
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway c4

Environment

Light 7-9
Soil humidity 3-10
Soil texture 1-6
Soil acidity -
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 8-12

Usage

Uses animal food medicinal
Edible -
Therapeutic use Rope (unspecified)
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Mode -
Germination duration (days) -
Germination temperacture (C°) -
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment -
Minimum temperature (C°) -
Optimum temperature (C°) -
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Distribution

Panicum schinzii world distribution map, present in Angola, Austria, Botswana, France, Indonesia, Lesotho, Namibia, New Zealand, eSwatini, South Africa, and Zimbabwe

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:413051-1
WFO ID wfo-0000886267
COL ID 4CF6J
BDTFX ID 47636
INPN ID 112239
Wikipedia (EN)
Wikipedia (FR)

Synonyms

Panicum schinzii Panicum laevifolium Panicum laevifolium var. amboense Panicum laevifolium var. laevifolium