Panicum sphaerocarpon Elliott

Species

Angiosperms > Poales > Poaceae > Panicum

Characteristics

Stiff, light green tufts, 12-20 cm; basal leaves differing from culm leaves and forming a winter rosette. Leaf-sheath light green to purplish, glabrous but margins ciliate. Ligule 0.2-0.5 mm, ciliate, hairs sparse. Collar hairs long, tubercle-based. Leaf-blade 3-10 cm × 7-13 mm, firm, rather thick, broadly linear to elliptic-oblong, narrowed above, ribs fine, inconspicuous; abaxially smooth, adaxially finely scabrid on ribs; margins thickened, scabrid, ciliate near cordate base, tip acute to acuminate. Culm erect to spreading, nodes appressed-pubescent, internodes glabrous. Panicle 5-8 × 2-4 cm; branches very slender, glabrous; pedicels almost filiform, tipped by solitary spikelets. Spikelets < 2 mm, green to purplish, ovoid, subacute. Glumes very unequal; lower c. 0.5 mm, membranous, glabrous, obtuse, upper = spikelet, 7-nerved, elliptic-ovate, subacute, puberulent. Lower floret Ø: lemma similar to upper glume, 7-nerved; palea 0. Upper floret ☿: lemma 1.6-1.8 mm, elliptic, subacute, glabrous, faintly striolate, white, shining; palea narrower; anthers 0.3-0.4 mm; gynoecium: ovary c. 0.3 mm, stigma-styles c. 1.8 mm, stigmas deep purple; caryopsis not seen.
More
Culms few–several, spreading, 1.5–5 dm, glabrous except the appressed-hairy nodes; sheaths glabrous (and sometimes viscous-spotted) on the back, villous-ciliate with hairs usually 1–2 mm, some of the sheaths shorter than the internodes; ligule typically none, but sometimes a band of hairs to 1 mm; blades cordate and papillose-ciliate at base, the largest ones 6–12 cm × 7–15 mm, the primary veins scarcely stronger than the sets of 3–5 intermediate veins; flag-lf mostly 3–9 cm, typically borne ± midway between the stem-base and the panicle-tip; primary panicle 5–10 × 4–8 cm, long-exsert at anthesis, with spreading branches; spikelets (excluding the first glume) almost spherical, minutely puberulent, 1.3–1.9 mm, the first glume a third as long, broadly ovate; autumnal phase more widely spreading or prostrate, the few branches mostly from the base and lower nodes, the lvs and panicles scarcely reduced; 2n=18. Moist or dry, preferable shady places; Mass. and Vt. to O. and Kans., s. to Fla. and Tex. (Dichanthelium s.)
Perennial; culms 20-55 cm. high, in small tufts, erect or spreading, the nodes appressed-pubescent; sheaths usually longer than the internodes, the margins ciliate, otherwise glabrous, often viscid between the nerves, especially toward the summit; ligule very short or obsolete; blades 4-10 cm. long, 5-15 mm. wide, cordate, the white cartilaginous margins papillose-ciliate toward the base; panicles 5-10 cm. long, long-exserted, loosely flowered, the axis, branches and pedicels viscid; spike-lets subspherical, 1.6-1.8 mm. long, pubescent, or sometimes nearly glabrous; fruit 1.4-1.5 mm. long. Autumnal phase sparingly branched, spreading, the blades and panicles not much reduced.
Life form perennial
Growth form herb
Growth support free-standing
Foliage retention -
Sexuality hermaphrodite
Pollination -
Spread -
Mature width (meter) -
Mature height (meter) 0.2 - 0.68
Root system -
Rooting depth (meter) -
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color -
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Fruit color -
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Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway c3

Environment

Light -
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Hardiness (USDA) -

Usage

Uses medicinal
Edible -
Therapeutic use -
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Mode -
Germination duration (days) -
Germination temperacture (C°) -
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Optimum temperature (C°) -
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Distribution

Panicum sphaerocarpon world distribution map, present in New Zealand and Panama

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:182530-2
WFO ID wfo-0000886422
COL ID 75MLB
BDTFX ID -
INPN ID -
Wikipedia (EN)
Wikipedia (FR)

Synonyms

Panicum heterophyllum Panicum dichotomum var. sphaerocarpon Panicum microcarpon var. sphaerocarpon Panicum nitidum var. crassifolium Panicum sphaerocarpon var. inflatum Panicum sphaerocarpon