Parthenocissus quinquefolia Planch.

Virginia creeper (en), Vigne vierge vraie (fr), Vigne-vierge (fr), Vigne-vierge à cinq feuilles (fr), Vigne-vierge vraie (fr), Vigne-vierge de Virginie (fr)

Species

Angiosperms > Vitales > Vitaceae > Parthenocissus

Characteristics

Branchlets terete, glabrous; tendrils 5-9-branched, young apex curving, later developing into suckers. Leaves palmately 5-foliolate; petiole 5-14.5 cm, petiolule short or nearly absent, glabrous; leaflets obovoid, obovate-elliptic, or elliptic, 5.5-15 × 3-9 cm, glabrous or veins abaxially sparsely pilose, lateral veins 5-7 pairs, veinlets inconspicuously raised, base cuneate or broadly cuneate, margin with rough teeth, apex cuspidate. Paniculate polychasium pseudoterminal, with conspicuous rachis, 8-20 cm; peduncles 3-5 mm. Pedicel 1.5-2.5 mm, glabrous. Buds elliptic, 2-3 mm, apex rounded. Calyx entire. Petals elliptic, 1.7-2.7 mm, glabrous. Filaments 0.6-0.8 mm; anthers elliptic, 1.2-1.8 mm. Disk inconspicuous. Ovary coniform; stigma not expanded. Berry 1-1.2 cm in diam., 1-4-seeded. Seeds obovoid, base with short, acute rostrum, apex rounded. Fl. Jun-Jul, fr. Aug-Oct. 2n = 40.
More
High climbing vine, adhering to its support by numerous adhesive disks developing at the ends of the much branched tendrils; lvs long-petioled, the lfls dull green above, paler and slightly glaucous beneath, elliptic to obovate, 6–12 cm, abruptly acuminate, sharply serrate chiefly beyond the middle, cuneate to the base, sessile or on petiolules to 15 mm; infls terminal and from the upper axils, forming panicles usually longer than wide, with a well marked zigzag sympodial axis and divergent branches, the fls in terminal umbelliform clusters; frs nearly black, 6 mm; 2n=40. Moist soil; Me. to O., Io., and Nebr., s. to Fla. and Tex. June. (Psedera q.; P. hirsuta)
Lianas, high climbing or scrambling. Tendrils 4–12-branched, with adhesive discs. Leaves palmately compound; petiole ± equaling blade; leaflets (4–)5(–7), dull adaxially, obovate to elliptic, 6–12 × 2–5 cm, thin, herbaceous, base cuneate, margins coarsely serrate, usually distally, apex acuminate, surfaces glabrous or abaxial puberulent. Inflorescences divergently branched, with distinct central axis. Flowers greenish to reddish green. Berries globose, 4–8 mm diam. 2n = 40.
A climber. It can be 30 m long. The leaves are made up of 3 or 5 leaflets. These have coarse teeth around the edge. The leaves are 12 cm long. The leaves turn bright red before falling off. The tendrils have suction cups.
Life form perennial
Growth form shrub
Growth support climber
Foliage retention deciduous
Sexuality hermaphrodite
Pollination anemogamy
Spread endozoochory
Mature width (meter) 4.0 - 8.0
Mature height (meter) 3.0
Root system -
Rooting depth (meter) 0.4
Root diameter (meter) 0.2
Flower color
Blooming months
JanFebMar
AprMayJun
JulAugSep
OctNovDec
Fruit color
Fruiting months
JanFebMar
AprMayJun
JulAugSep
OctNovDec
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway c3

Environment

It is a temperate plant. It grows in woods and on rocky banks. During the dormant stage plants can survive heavy frosts. It suits hardiness zones 3-10.
More
Woods and rocky banks.
Light 2-8
Soil humidity 3-5
Soil texture 1-6
Soil acidity 3-8
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 3-9

Usage

The fruit is eaten raw. The stems are peeled then boiled. The root is used cooked.
Uses dye environmental use material medicinal poison
Edible barks fruits leaves roots stems
Therapeutic use Other (bark), Dermatological Aid (leaf), Misc. Disease Remedy (leaf), Antidiarrheal (root), Liver Aid (unspecified), Antidote (unspecified), Orthopedic Aid (unspecified), Poison (unspecified), Urinary Aid (unspecified), Alterative (unspecified), Astringent (unspecified), Cosmetic (unspecified), Diarrhea (unspecified), Diuretic (unspecified), Dropsy (unspecified), Expectorant (unspecified), Stimulant (unspecified), Tonic (unspecified), Wart (unspecified), Antiseptic (unspecified), Fever (unspecified), Scurvy (unspecified), Vesicant (unspecified)
Human toxicity skin-irritating (leaf), skin-irritating (fruit)
Animal toxicity weak toxic (leaf), weak toxic (fruit)

Cultivation

Plants can be grown from seed. Stored seed needs cold treatment by being stored at 5°C for 6 weeks. Cuttings of half ripe wood can be used. They should be 7-10 cm long. They can also be grown from basal hardwood cuttings and by layering. The plants make a good ground cover when spaced about 3 m apart. It is a vigorous climber and ground cover plant.
Mode cuttings seedlings
Germination duration (days) 60 - 180
Germination temperacture (C°) 9 - 12
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment soaking
Minimum temperature (C°) -
Optimum temperature (C°) -
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Images

Habit

Parthenocissus quinquefolia habit picture by Eli Small (cc-by-sa)
Parthenocissus quinquefolia habit picture by Bryan French (cc-by-sa)
Parthenocissus quinquefolia habit picture by Eli Small (cc-by-sa)

Leaf

Parthenocissus quinquefolia leaf picture by JesseeD (cc-by-sa)
Parthenocissus quinquefolia leaf picture by stephanie karr (cc-by-sa)
Parthenocissus quinquefolia leaf picture by DeathfireD (cc-by-sa)

Flower

Parthenocissus quinquefolia flower picture by otto Hugo (cc-by-sa)
Parthenocissus quinquefolia flower picture by Karlheinz Roch (cc-by-sa)
Parthenocissus quinquefolia flower picture by Astrid Hensel (cc-by-sa)

Fruit

Parthenocissus quinquefolia fruit picture by Josh Senften (cc-by-sa)
Parthenocissus quinquefolia fruit picture by mijus (cc-by-sa)
Parthenocissus quinquefolia fruit picture by Alan Falloon (cc-by-sa)

Distribution

Parthenocissus quinquefolia world distribution map, present in Australia, Austria, Bahamas, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Belarus, Bermuda, Bolivia (Plurinational State of), Canada, Switzerland, China, Cuba, Czech Republic, Germany, Spain, Estonia, France, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, Guatemala, Croatia, India, Kazakhstan, Lithuania, Latvia, Mexico, Mozambique, Netherlands, New Zealand, Pakistan, Korea (Democratic People's Republic of), Slovakia, Slovenia, Tajikistan, United States of America, and Uzbekistan

Conservation status

Parthenocissus quinquefolia threat status: Least Concern

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:68399-1
WFO ID wfo-0000474309
COL ID 4DTTQ
BDTFX ID 47997
INPN ID 112465
Wikipedia (EN) Link
Wikipedia (FR) Link

Synonyms

Parthenocissus inserta f. inserta Parthenocissus graebneri Parthenocissus hederacea Parthenocissus quinquefolia Parthenocissus inserta Parthenocissus pubescens Ampelopsis hederacea Ampelopsis heptaphylla Ampelopsis himalayana Ampelopsis muralis Ampelopsis pubescens Ampelopsis quinquefolia Ampelopsis radicantissima Vitis inserta Ampelocissus major Ampelopsis graebneri Quinaria hederacea Cissus hirsuta Hedera carnosa Hedera quinquefolia Parthenocissus hirsuta Psedera quinquefolia Psedera hirsuta Vitis hederacea Parthenocissus dumetorum Parthenocissus quinquefolia f. quinquefolia Quinaria quinquefolia Parthenocissus quinquefolia f. engelmannii Parthenocissus saint-paulii Ampelopsis saint-paulii Psedera saint-paulii Cissus quinquefolia Vitis quinquefolia Vitis vitacea Cissus quinquefolia Parthenocissus hirsuta Ampelopsis hirsuta Vitis pubescens Parthenocissus spaethii Parthenocissus muralis Parthenocissus engelmannii Ampelocissus cirrhata Ampelopsis engelmannii Ampelopsis radicantissima f. minor Ampelopsis roylei Ampelopsis virginiana Cissus hederacea Quinaria quinquefolia Ampelopsis hederacea var. dumetorum Ampelopsis hederacea var. minor Ampelopsis hederacea var. murorum Ampelopsis quinquefolia var. angustifolia Ampelopsis quinquefolia var. dumetorum Ampelopsis quinquefolia var. graebneri Ampelopsis quinquefolia var. heptaphylla Ampelopsis quinquefolia var. hirsuta Ampelopsis quinquefolia var. laciniata Ampelopsis quinquefolia var. latifolia Ampelopsis quinquefolia var. murorum Ampelopsis quinquefolia var. pubescens Ampelopsis quinquefolia var. radicantissima Ampelopsis quinquefolia var. spaethii Ampelopsis radicantissima var. engelmannii Ampelopsis radicantissima var. graebneri Ampelopsis radicantissima var. saint-paulii Parthenocissus quinquefolia var. murorum Ampelopsis latifolia Parthenocissus quinquefolia var. hirsuta Vitis quinquefolia var. hirsuta Psedera quinquefolia var. murorum Parthenocissus radicantissima var. minor Parthenocissus quinquefolia var. minor Parthenocissus quinquefolia var. saint-paulii Cissus hederacea var. hirsuta

Lower taxons

Parthenocissus quinquefolia f. hirsuta Parthenocissus quinquefolia f. macrophylla