Paspalum notatum Flüggé

Bahiagrass (en), Paspale marqué (fr)

Species

Angiosperms > Poales > Poaceae > Paspalum

Characteristics

Perennial with stout, woody, many-noded rhizomes and stolons forming a mat. Culms 15–80 cm tall. Leaf sheaths keeled, compressed, glabrous; leaf blades broadly linear, flat or folded, stiffly spreading, 5–30 × 0.3–1 cm, glabrous, apex acuminate; ligule very short. Inflorescence of 2(–3) racemes at culm apex; racemes 4–9(–16) cm, recurved-ascending; spikelets single, in 2 row; rachis 1–1.8 mm wide, scabrous. Spikelets green, ovate to obovate, plumply plano-convex, 2.5–3.5 mm, smooth, shining, obtuse; upper glume cartilaginous, 3-veined, glabrous; lower lemma resembling upper glume but slightly shorter; upper lemma pale green, slightly shorter than spikelet, finely striate, obtuse. Fl. and fr. Sep. 2n = 40, 30.
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Rhizomatous perennial forming dense sods; culms 15-50 cm. high, flattened, glabrous; leaves crowded toward the base, the lower sheaths short, overlapping, those of the culm few, elongate; sheaths keeled, compressed, glabrous or sometimes pubescent, the margins often ciliate toward the summit; ligule very short, mem-branaceous; blades 2-30 cm. long, 3-10 mm. wide, glabrous, the margins ciliate at least toward the base; racemes 2 or rarely 3, 2.5-12 cm. long, subconjugate, ascending, more or less arcuate, the rachis about 1 mm. wide; spikelets 2.5-3.8 mm. long, solitary, ovate or obovate, the glume and sterile lemma equal, firm, smooth and shining; fruit 2.5-3.5 mm. long, oval.
Tufted perennial 100-600 mm high, often decumbent; long stout rhizomes are well developed and horizontally creeping, almost woody, clad in overlapping leaf sheaths; culm nodes glabrous. Leaf blade 60-240 x 4-10 mm; ligule 2-6 mm long, conspicuous. Inflorescence of 2 occasionally 3 racemes, 25-130 mm long; rachis often zig-zag; spikelets arranged in two rows, secund. Spikelet 2.8-3.7 x 2.0-2.8 mm, more than 1.5 x longer than wide, green, glabrous, glossy, apex rounded; lower glume absent; upper glume and lower lemma as long as spikelet; upper lemma finely striate, pallid at maturity, 5-nerved; anther 1.6-1.8 mm long.
Mat forming perennial arising from stout rhizomes; culms 15–50 cm. high.. Leaf-blades broadly linear, 2–30 cm. long, 3–10 mm. wide, stiffly spreading.. Inflorescence composed of 2 (rarely 3) racemes barely separated by a common axis ± 5 mm. long; racemes 2.5–12 cm. long, bearing the spikelets singly in 2 rows on a narrow rhachis ± 1 mm. wide.. Spikelets broadly elliptic, 2.5–3.8 mm. long, green; upper glume and lower lemma as long as the spikelet, cartilaginous, glabrous; upper lemma finely striate, pallid at maturity.
Perennial, long rhizomatous and tufted (often decumbent), up to up to 0.6 m high. Rhizome well developed, almost woody, clad in overlapping leaf sheaths. Leaf blades 60-240 mm long, 4-10 mm wide. Spikelets 2.8-3.7 mm long, 2.0-2.8 mm wide. Racemes 2 (occasionally 3), 25-130 mm long; rhachis often zigzag; spikelets glabrous, glossy, tips rounded, more than 1.5 times longer than wide and arranged in 2 rows.
Perennial; up to 0.6 m high; long rhizome well developed; almost woody; clad in overlapping leaf sheaths; horizontally creeping; tufted. Culms decumbent. Leaf blades 60-240 x 4-10 mm. Flowers: inflorescence digitate; racemes 2(3); 25-130 mm long; rachis often zigzag; spikelets 2.8-3.7 x 2.0-2.8 mm; glabrous; glossy; apices rounded; arranged in 2 rows.
Racemes paired (rarely 3), each 2.5–12 cm. long, the spikelets borne singly in 2 rows on a narrow rhachis.
Inferior lemma cartilaginous, glabrous. Superior lemma pallid at maturity.
Spikelets 2.5–3.8 mm. long, broadly elliptic, plumply plano-convex, green.
Mat-forming perennial arising from stout rhizomes.
Superior glume cartilaginous, glabrous.
Culms 15–50 cm. high.
Life form perennial
Growth form herb
Growth support free-standing
Foliage retention -
Sexuality hermaphrodite
Pollination anemogamy
Spread -
Mature width (meter) -
Mature height (meter) 0.15 - 0.53
Root system fibrous-root rhizome
Rooting depth (meter) -
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color -
Blooming months -
Fruit color -
Fruiting months
JanFebMar
AprMayJun
JulAugSep
OctNovDec
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway c4

Environment

Open ground, savannahs, and pastures.
Light -
Soil humidity -
Soil texture 1-6
Soil acidity -
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 7-10

Usage

Uses animal food environmental use fodder medicinal ornamental
Edible -
Therapeutic use -
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Can be grown by seedlings.
Mode seedlings
Germination duration (days) -
Germination temperacture (C°) -
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment -
Minimum temperature (C°) -
Optimum temperature (C°) 18 - 30
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Images

Leaf

Paspalum notatum leaf picture by Chris Griggs (cc-by-sa)
Paspalum notatum leaf picture by Chris Griggs (cc-by-sa)
Paspalum notatum leaf picture by Chris Griggs (cc-by-sa)

Fruit

Paspalum notatum fruit picture by Chris Griggs (cc-by-sa)

Distribution

Paspalum notatum world distribution map, present in Åland Islands, Andorra, Benin, Burkina Faso, Belize, Bolivia (Plurinational State of), Brazil, Central African Republic, China, Costa Rica, Cuba, Cayman Islands, Dominica, Ecuador, Spain, Fiji, Gabon, Guinea, Greece, Guatemala, Guyana, Honduras, Haiti, Indonesia, Italy, Jamaica, Kenya, Lesotho, Madagascar, Myanmar, Nicaragua, Panama, Peru, Philippines, Puerto Rico, Paraguay, Rwanda, Solomon Islands, Suriname, eSwatini, Tanzania, United Republic of, Uganda, Uruguay, United States of America, Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic of), Viet Nam, South Africa, Zambia, and Zimbabwe

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:414477-1
WFO ID wfo-0000888093
COL ID 4DWHJ
BDTFX ID 103493
INPN ID 446320
Wikipedia (EN) Link
Wikipedia (FR)

Synonyms

Paspalum distachyon Paspalum notatum Paspalum saltense Paspalum uruguayense Paspalum tephophyllum Paspalum taphrophyllum Paspalum notatum var. latiflorum Paspalum notatum var. notatum Paspalum notatum var. typicum