Paullinia costata Schltdl. & Cham.

Species

Angiosperms > Sapindales > Sapindaceae > Paullinia

Characteristics

Tendrilled lianas; stems terete, glabrous, striate and rusty brown with numer-ous minute lenticels; wood simple. Leaves pinnately 5-foliolate, 3-20 cm long; petiole without wings, canaliculate on the upper surface, 0.5-7 cm long; rachis wingless to narrowly margined; leaflets narrowly ovate to oblong-elliptic or oblong-lanceolate, acute to gradually acuminate at the apex, attenuate to rounded at the base, 4.5-12 cm long, 1.5-4.5 cm wide, coriaceous, glabrous except for a few trichomes in the axillary domatia on the lower surface, the mar-gin entire to obscurely and remotely crenate in the distal half; petiolules 1-4 mm long; stipules inconspicuous. Thyrses in compacted, cylindrical, axillary or terminal, racemiform inflorescences to 11 cm long, the branches, pedicels and sepals canescent-tomentose; pedicels stout, 2-3 mm long, articulate in the lower third. Flowers ca. 4 mm long, large for the genus; sepals obovate, cup-shaped; petals narrowly obovate, ca. 4.5 mm long, glandular on both surfaces, the scales to 5 mm long with the basal part to 3 mm long, ca. 1.5 times longer than broad, villous on the margins, the anterior petals with the crest deeply bifid, 1.5-2 mm long, orange, each branch of the crest ca. 0.5 mm wide, the deflexed appendage deltoid, densely villous near the margins; disc glands about as wide as long, gla-brous except at the base; stamens to 2.5 mm long, the filaments flattened, wooly-pubescent throughout and the trichomes covering the base of the anther; ovary ovoid, densely tomentose, to 3.5 mm long, the style and stigmas short and stout. Capsules subglobose or ellipsoid, red, 2.5-4 cm long, 2-2.5 cm wide, sparsely to moderately puberulous to glabrous in age, often beaked at the apex, usually gradually tapered to a basal stipe, often apiculate at the apex, sometimes markedly 3-ridged when young, 3-celled, the stipe 3-6 mm long, the valves densely wooly within; seeds (1-)2(-3), ellipsoid to subglobose, 8-20 mm long, black, shiny, glabrous, the lower half enveloped by a fleshy white aril.
Life form -
Growth form shrub
Growth support climber
Foliage retention evergreen
Sexuality monoecy
Pollination -
Spread -
Mature width (meter) -
Mature height (meter) -
Root system -
Rooting depth (meter) -
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color -
Blooming months -
Fruit color -
Fruiting months -
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway -

Environment

Light -
Soil humidity -
Soil texture -
Soil acidity -
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 9-12

Usage

Uses medicinal
Edible -
Therapeutic use Piscicide (unspecified)
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Mode -
Germination duration (days) -
Germination temperacture (C°) -
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment -
Minimum temperature (C°) -
Optimum temperature (C°) -
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Distribution

Paullinia costata world distribution map, present in Belize, Colombia, Costa Rica, Guatemala, Honduras, Mexico, and Panama

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:784108-1
WFO ID wfo-0000471126
COL ID 765GY
BDTFX ID -
INPN ID -
Wikipedia (EN)
Wikipedia (FR)

Synonyms

Paullinia scarlatina Paullinia costata