Paullinia fuscescens Kunth

Moldy bread and cheese (en)

Species

Angiosperms > Sapindales > Sapindaceae > Paullinia

Characteristics

Tendrilled lianas; stems terete, pilose, usually not lenticellate, the younger stems and petioles densely rufous-pilose to-villous; wood simple; tendrils borne from leaf axils or peduncles, bifid. Leaves biternate, 5-13 cm long; petioles pu- bescent throughout, ribbed on the upper surface; rachis winged, sometimes widest in the upper half; leaflets ovate to elliptic or obovate, rounded to acuminate at the apex, the acumen usually rounded and minutely apiculate, attenuate at the base, sparsely and deeply crenate in the distal 1/2-2/3, densely pubescent on the mid-rib and major veins above, sparsely pubescent on the surface, conspicuously pu-bescent throughout on the lower surface especially on the veins and with greatest concentration in the vein axils, the terminal leaflets 2.5-8.5 cm long, 1.3-4 cm wide; stipules inconspicuous, minute. Inflorescences generally axillary, often borne on the same short branches as the tendrils, the thyrses borne in a compacted, slender, spikelike structure to ca. 6 cm long; pedicels short or obsolete, elongating somewhat in fruit. Flowers 3.5-4.5 mm long; sepals densely tomentose, boat shaped and rounded at the apex; petals white, spatulate, rounded at the apex, ca. 3.5 mm long, weakly glandular within, the scales of the anterior petals ca. 2.5 mm long, villous, the crest ca. 0.7 mm long, longer than broad, shorter than the nar-row, densely villous, deflexed appendage; staminate flowers with stamens to 2.8 mm long, the filaments densely villous; bisexual flowers not seen. Fruits suborbic-ular to broadly obovate, 13-20 mm long, rounded to emarginate at the apex, 3-locular, 3-winged, moderately to densely pilose, the medial crest sharply raised; seeds 1-3, globose, white-artillate at the base.
More
Woody vine 3-7 m long. Stems cylindrical, tomentose or tomentulose, to 5 mm in diameter, producing scanty watery latex; cross section with a single vascular cylinder. Stipules triangular, ca. 1 mm long. Leaves biternate; petioles unwinged, 7-12 mm long; rachis narrowly winged, 1-1.6 cm long; leaflets chartaceous, with serrate, revolute margins, adaxial surface shiny, sparsely pubescent on the midvein, abaxial surface dull, with glandular papillae, the venation prominent and puberulent, with a tuft of hairs in the secondary vein axils; distal leaflet lanceolate, 4-6 × 1.5-2.5 cm, the apex acuminate, the acumen obtuse, the base long-attenuate; lateral leaflets almost elliptical, 1-2 × 0.7-1 cm, the apex obtuse, the base acute or obtuse. Thyrses axillary, racemiform, solitary, with tomentose axis; flowers sessile, in lateral cincinni. Calyx whitish green, with 5 sepals, 2-2.5 mm long; petals white, oblanceolate, cuneate at the base, 2-3 mm long; appendages slightly shorter than the petals, fleshy and yellow at the crest; disc of two obtuse-triangular lobes; stamens with unequal puberulent filaments; ovary trilocular. Capsule three-winged, red, 1-1.5 cm long. Seeds one per locule, black, obovoid, slightly laterally compressed, ca. 6 mm long, with a white and emarginate sarcotesta on lower half.
Life form perennial
Growth form
Growth support climber
Foliage retention evergreen
Sexuality hermaphrodite
Pollination -
Spread -
Mature width (meter) -
Mature height (meter) 3.0 - 7.0
Root system -
Rooting depth (meter) -
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color
Blooming months -
Fruit color
Fruiting months -
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway -

Environment

Light -
Soil humidity -
Soil texture -
Soil acidity -
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 9-12

Usage

Uses food material medicinal vertebrate poison
Edible fruits
Therapeutic use Piscicide (unspecified), Bite(Bug) (unspecified), Poison (unspecified)
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Mode -
Germination duration (days) -
Germination temperacture (C°) -
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment -
Minimum temperature (C°) -
Optimum temperature (C°) -
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Distribution

Paullinia fuscescens world distribution map, present in Belize, Colombia, Costa Rica, Cuba, Ecuador, Guatemala, Guyana, Honduras, Sri Lanka, Mexico, Nicaragua, Panama, Suriname, Trinidad and Tobago, United States of America, and Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic of)

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:784152-1
WFO ID wfo-0000471231
COL ID 6TTG3
BDTFX ID -
INPN ID 734986
Wikipedia (EN)
Wikipedia (FR)

Synonyms

Paullinia fuscescens f. velutina Paullinia micropterygia Paullinia fuscescens Paullinia fusca Paullinia pubescens Serjania pubescens Paullinia velutina Paullinia fuscescens var. glabrata Paullinia fuscescens var. fuscescens