Paullinia rugosa Benth. ex Radlk.

Species

Angiosperms > Sapindales > Sapindaceae > Paullinia

Characteristics

Woody vine to 20 m long. Stems 4-5-costate, densely hirto-tomentose, glabrescent, producing scanty to copious milky sap, irregularly 4-5-lobed when mature; cross section with a single vascular cylinder. Stipules persistent, 1.5-2 cm long, deeply dissected, tomentose, with ovate to circular outline. Leaves pinnately 5-foliolate; petioles and rachis terete, unwinged, hirto-tomentose, petioles 6-9.5 cm long, rachis 3-6 cm long; leaflets chartaceous, adaxial surface glabrous except for the hirtous midvein, abaxial surface hirtous, elliptic, oblong or obovate, 6-17 × 3.2-8.5 cm, the base cuneate on distal leaflets, obtuse to rounded on lateral ones, the apex acuminate, the margins remotely denticulate, ciliolate, the teeth mucronate; tertiary veins clathrate. Thyrses spicate, densely flowered, hirtous; bracts ovate, ca. 4 mm long, tomentose; bracteoles lanceolate or oblong-lanceolate, ca. 4 mm long, overlapping, tomentose; cincinni sessile, few-flowered, congested along inflorescence rachis; pedicel ca. 1 mm long, hirto-tomentose, articulate at the very base. Calyx yellowish green, of 5 concave sepals, the outer sepals ca. 2.5 mm long, ovate-rounded, hirto-tomentose, the inner ones 4.5-5 mm long, ovate to rounded, sericeous-tomentose; petals white, spatulate, ca. 6 mm long, adaxially sparsely papillate; appendages hood-shaped, ⅔ as long as the petals, with a fleshy yellow crest and wooly margins; disc of 2 rounded lobes, hirtous; filaments hirtous. Capsules orange-red, depressed-globose or globose, unwinged, 6-costate, coriaceous-crustose, densely hirto-tomentose, long-stipitate, apiculate at apex, 1-2-seeded, the locule 1-1.3 cm long, the stipe 5-7 mm long; endocarp lanose. Seed oblate, dark brown to black, with a white, sarcotesta on most of its surface
More
Tendrilled lianas; stems (3-)5-ribbed, obscurely so in age and ca. 2-2.5 cm diam.; sap milky; stems, tendrils, petioles and rachises densely reddish brown hirtellous-tomentose; tendrils stout, forked; wood simple. Leaves pinnately 5-foliolate, 20-40()-60) cm long, the leaflets opposite; petioles 5-18(-30) cm long, terete; leaflets broadly elliptic to ovate or obovate, acuminate, attenuate to rounded and sometimes inequilateral at the base, 12-25(-35) cm long, 7-13 (-17) cm wide, hirtellous above on the veins, hirsute throughout beneath, espe-cially on the veins, the lateral veins ending in apiculate teeth, the reticulate veins prominulous; stipules semiorbicular, sericeous, 1-2 cm diam., with fimbriate mar-gins. Thyrses short, closely congested on slender, bracteate, spikelike inflores-cences, these simple and borne in leaf axils or on tendrils, or compound and termi-nal. Flowers white, ca. 3.5 mm long; sepals tomentulose, orbicular or ovate and short-acute; petals obovate, ca. 3 mm long, the scales ca. 2.5 mm long, with the lateral margin weakly ciliate, the deflexed appendage villous-bearded, truncate, the crest orange, weakly lobed; disc glands about as broad as long, sparsely pu-bescent, weakly concave on the outside; filaments densely wooly throughout, the pubescence partly covering the base of the anthers; ovary and outer surface of styles densely pubescent. Capsules bright red orange, suborbicular, to 1.5 cm diam., weakly beaked, stipitate, round in cross-section, densely tomentose, the stipe 3-4 mm long; seed solitary, subglobular, ca. 1 cm diam., black, covered by a thin white aril.
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Growth form vine
Growth support climber
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Sexuality monoecy
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Mature height (meter) 20.0
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Hardiness (USDA) 10-12

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Cultivation

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Images

Leaf

Paullinia rugosa leaf picture by Nelson Zamora Villalobos (cc-by-nc)

Distribution

Paullinia rugosa world distribution map, present in Bolivia (Plurinational State of), Brazil, Colombia, Costa Rica, Guyana, Panama, Peru, and Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic of)

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:784270-1
WFO ID wfo-0000471559
COL ID 765JK
BDTFX ID -
INPN ID 734995
Wikipedia (EN)
Wikipedia (FR)

Synonyms

Paullinia rugosa Paullinia ovalis Paullinia subcordata Paullinia colombiana