Paullinia tetragona Aubl.

Species

Angiosperms > Sapindales > Sapindaceae > Paullinia

Characteristics

High climbing liana. Stems pentagonal, glabrous, producing milky sap; cross section with a single vascular cylinder, the medulla usually hollow upon drying. Stipules oblong-falcate, concave, clasping the stem, 2-4 cm long, more or less persistent. Leaves pinnately 7(11)-foliolate, the lower pair of pinnae pinnately 5-foliolate, next pair of leaflets trifoliolate; petiole unwinged, 8-12 cm long; rachides marginate, much shorter than the petiole; leaflets chartaceous, adaxially glabrous, abaxially puberulent, barbulate at veins angles, oblong or elliptic, 4.5-16 × 2.2-4.5 cm, the base attenuate on distal leaflets, obtuse on lateral ones, the apex acuminate to cuspidate, the margins remotely dentate on upper half of blade; tertiary veins reticulate. Thyrses racemiform, axillary or fasciculate on leafless branches, puberulent, bracts and bracteoles lanceolate, 1.5-2.5 mm long; cincinni stipitate, few-flowered. Calyx puberulous, sepals 5, concave, outer sepals ovate, ca. 2 mm long, inner sepals oblong, obtuse at apex, 3.5-5 mm long; petals oblanceolate to spatulate, ca. 3 mm long, rounded at apex, adaxially sparsely papillate; appendages hood-shaped, ca. ½ as long as the petals, with a fleshy, yellow crest and sparsely pubescent margins; disc pilose, of 2 large, ovoid lobes; filaments appressed-pubescent near the base. Capsule winged, red, puberulent or glabrous, subwoody, 1-seeded, with clavate outline, long-stipitate, apiculate at apex, the locule ellipsoid, ca. 1 cm long, the stipe ca. 5 mm long, wings dorsal, ca. 2 mm wide, surrounding the coccus and slightly projecting beyond its apex and tapering on the stipe, endocarp wooly; seed ellipsoid, pilose, dark brown, with a white sarcotesta on lower ¼.
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Growth form shrub
Growth support climber
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Sexuality monoecy
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Hardiness (USDA) 9-12

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Images

Flower

Paullinia tetragona flower picture by Nelson Zamora Villalobos (cc-by-nc)
Paullinia tetragona flower picture by Nelson Zamora Villalobos (cc-by-nc)
Paullinia tetragona flower picture by Nelson Zamora Villalobos (cc-by-nc)

Distribution

Paullinia tetragona world distribution map, present in Brazil, Colombia, Costa Rica, French Guiana, Trinidad and Tobago, and Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic of)

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:784307-1
WFO ID wfo-0000471572
COL ID 765HT
BDTFX ID -
INPN ID 734999
Wikipedia (EN)
Wikipedia (FR)

Synonyms

Paullinia trisulca Paullinia tetragona