Phegopteris connectilis (Michx.) Watt

Beech fern (en), Thélyptéris Phégoptéris (fr), Phégoptéride commune (fr), Polypode du hêtre (fr), Phégoptéris à pinnules confluentes (fr), Thélyptéris phégoptéris (fr), Phégoptéris faux-polypode (fr), Fougère à moustache (fr)

Species

Pteridophytes > Polypodiales > Thelypteridaceae > Phegopteridoideae > Phegopteris

Characteristics

Plants 25-40 cm tall. Rhizome long creeping, with bright brown, ovate-lanceolate thin scales at apex. Fronds remote; stipe dark brown at base, stramineous distally, 15-30 cm, sparsely scaly, nearly smooth; lamina bipinnatifid, deltoid, 13-20 × 10-18 cm, acuminate and pinnatifid at apex; pinnae ca. 10 pairs, usually opposite, spreading, lanceolate, 5-9 × 1-2 cm, basal pair largest, bases slightly or not tapering, free from second pair of pinnae, slightly deflexed, apices acuminate; segments oblong, entire, undulate, or lobed along margins, rounded or obtuse at apices; distal pinnae gradually shortened, bases connected along rachises by triangular wings. Veins pinnate, lateral veins simple or occasionally forked. Fronds herbaceous or papery, drying gray-green or yellowish green, with sparse gray-white acicular hairs on both surfaces, ± with small scales along rachises and costae; scales brownish, ovate-lanceolate and ciliate along margins. Sori ovate-orbicular or orbicular, borne at or near ends of ultimate veins and close to margins. Sporangia with 1 or 2 hairs near annulus. 2n = 60, 90.
More
Stems long-creeping, 1--2(--3) mm diam. Leaves monomorphic, dying back in winter, often 1--2 cm apart, 15--60 cm. Petiole straw-colored, (8--)15--36 cm × 1--3 mm, at base with scales brownish, lanceolate, glabrous or sparingly hairy on margin. Blade narrowly to broadly deltate, usually somewhat longer than broad, (6--)12--25 cm, proximal pinnae longest and slightly narrowed at base, spreading or reflexed. Pinnae deeply pinnatifid, (3--)6--12 × 1--3.3 cm, lowermost 1--2 pairs separate, sessile, more distal pairs strongly adnate and connected by narrow rachis wing; segments entire, or those of proximal pinna pair sometimes crenate, uncommonly shallowly lobed; proximal pair of veins from adjacent segments meeting margin above sinus, veins simple or sometimes forked in lowermost pinnae. Indument abaxially of moderately to densely set hairs 0.3--1 mm along costae, veins, and blade tissue, costae also with scales light tan to shiny brown, ovate-lanceolate, spreading, to ca. 3 mm, scales sometimes sparingly hairy on margin. Sori subterminal on veins. n = 2 n = 90, apogamous.
Life form perennial
Growth form herb
Growth support -
Foliage retention -
Sexuality monoecy
Pollination hydrogamy
Spread autochory
Mature width (meter) -
Mature height (meter) 0.2 - 0.4
Root system rhizome
Rooting depth (meter) -
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color -
Blooming months
JanFebMar
AprMayJun
JulAugSep
OctNovDec
Fruit color -
Fruiting months -
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway c3

Environment

Light 1-6
Soil humidity -
Soil texture -
Soil acidity -
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 4-9

Usage

Uses -
Edible -
Therapeutic use -
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Mode -
Germination duration (days) -
Germination temperacture (C°) -
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment -
Minimum temperature (C°) -
Optimum temperature (C°) -
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Images

Habit

Phegopteris connectilis habit picture by Sylvain Piry (cc-by-sa)
Phegopteris connectilis habit picture by Martin Bishop (cc-by-sa)
Phegopteris connectilis habit picture by Elise Bosch (cc-by-sa)

Leaf

Phegopteris connectilis leaf picture by curandero curandero (cc-by-sa)
Phegopteris connectilis leaf picture by curandero curandero (cc-by-sa)
Phegopteris connectilis leaf picture by mona houle (cc-by-sa)

Fruit

Phegopteris connectilis fruit picture by Martin Bishop (cc-by-sa)

Distribution

Phegopteris connectilis world distribution map, present in Albania, Armenia, Austria, Azerbaijan, Belgium, Bulgaria, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Belarus, Bhutan, Canada, Switzerland, China, Czech Republic, Germany, Denmark, Spain, Estonia, Finland, France, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, Georgia, Greece, Greenland, Croatia, Hungary, India, Iceland, Italy, Japan, Kazakhstan, Liberia, Liechtenstein, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Latvia, North Macedonia, Montenegro, Mongolia, Netherlands, Norway, Nepal, Pakistan, Poland, Korea (Democratic People's Republic of), Romania, Russian Federation, Saint Pierre and Miquelon, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Sweden, Turkey, Taiwan, Province of China, Ukraine, United States of America, and South Africa

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:17344580-1
WFO ID wfo-0001107380
COL ID 4FXST
BDTFX ID 48780
INPN ID 113079
Wikipedia (EN) Link
Wikipedia (FR) Link

Synonyms

Phegopteris polypodioides Dryopteris phegopteris Polypodium connectile Lastrea phegopteris Thelypteris phegopteris Polypodium phegopteris Nephrodium phegopteris Polypodium cruciatum Gymnocarpium phegopteris Lastrea phegopteris Aspidium phegopteris Phegopteris vulgaris Polystichum phegopteris Polypodium latebrosum Phegopteris connectilis var. cruciata Polypodium phegopteris var. connectile Phegopteris connectilis

Lower taxons

Thelypteris phegopteris var. cruciata