Phymatosorus scolopendria (Burm.F.) Pic.Serm.

Monarch fern (en)

Species

Pteridophytes > Polypodiales > Polypodiaceae > Microsoroideae > Phymatosorus

Characteristics

Rhizome 3-5 mm in diam., sparsely scaly; scales dark brown, ovate-lanceolate, peltate, clathrate, margin toothed, apex long acuminate. Stipe straw-colored or light chestnut, usually 20-30 cm, glabrous. Lamina usually pinnatifid, 35-45 × 30-35 cm, rarely simple or pinnately 3-lobed, rachis with wings ± as wide as lobes; lateral lobes usually 3-5 pairs, lanceolate, 12-20 × 2-3 cm, leathery, both surfaces glabrous, margin entire, apex acuminate; midrib raised on both surfaces, veins indistinct, areoles with many included veinlets ending in raised point. Sori orbicular, in 1 row or 2 irregular rows on each side of midrib, abaxially deeply hollowed and adaxially distinctly raised. Spore surface minutely echinate.
Life form perennial
Growth form herb
Growth support -
Foliage retention deciduous
Sexuality -
Pollination -
Spread -
Mature width (meter) -
Mature height (meter) 0.33
Root system rhizome
Rooting depth (meter) -
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color -
Blooming months -
Fruit color -
Fruiting months -
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway -

Environment

Light -
Soil humidity 1-3
Soil texture 7-8
Soil acidity -
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 9-12

Usage

Uses food medicinal social use
Edible rhizomes
Therapeutic use Abscess (unspecified), Headache (unspecified), Ache(Stomach) (unspecified), Catarrh (unspecified), Diarrhea (unspecified), Filariasis (unspecified), Gingivitis (unspecified), Sore (unspecified), Stomach (unspecified), Wound (unspecified), Boil (unspecified), Fumitory (unspecified), Medicine (unspecified)
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Mode -
Germination duration (days) -
Germination temperacture (C°) -
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment -
Minimum temperature (C°) -
Optimum temperature (C°) -
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Images

Leaf

Phymatosorus scolopendria leaf picture by modeste modeste mensah (cc-by-sa)
Phymatosorus scolopendria leaf picture by Leonarben Paulo Betonio (cc-by-sa)
Phymatosorus scolopendria leaf picture by Pascal M (cc-by-sa)

Distribution

Phymatosorus scolopendria world distribution map, present in Angola, Argentina, American Samoa, French Southern Territories, Australia, Benin, Bermuda, Central African Republic, China, Côte d'Ivoire, Cameroon, Congo, Comoros, Ethiopia, Fiji, Micronesia (Federated States of), Gabon, Ghana, Guinea, Equatorial Guinea, Guam, Indonesia, India, Kenya, Cambodia, Kiribati, Lao People's Democratic Republic, Liberia, Sri Lanka, Madagascar, Marshall Islands, Myanmar, Northern Mariana Islands, Mozambique, Mauritius, Mayotte, Nigeria, Niue, Nauru, Pitcairn, Philippines, Palau, Papua New Guinea, Puerto Rico, Réunion, Sudan, Singapore, Solomon Islands, Sierra Leone, Sao Tome and Principe, Seychelles, Togo, Thailand, Tokelau, Tonga, Trinidad and Tobago, Tuvalu, Taiwan, Province of China, Tanzania, United Republic of, Uganda, United States of America, Viet Nam, Vanuatu, Wallis and Futuna, Samoa, South Africa, and Zimbabwe

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:17448130-1
WFO ID wfo-0001111519
COL ID 7YDCG
BDTFX ID -
INPN ID 706648
Wikipedia (EN) Link
Wikipedia (FR) Link

Synonyms

Phymatodes peltidea Phymatodes terminalis Tectaria phymatodes Chrysopteris peltidea Chrysopteris terminalis Pleopeltis schneideri Polypodium madagascariense Polypodium peltideum Polypodium terminale Phymatodes longipes Chrysopteris longipes Drynaria longipes Drynaria phymatodes Polypodium fuentesii Pteris lobata Microsorum scolopendria Phymatodes phymatodes Phymatodes banerjiana Polypodium longipes Microsorum alternifolium Phymatodes scolopendria Polypodium scolopendria Polypodium phymatodes Phymatodes vulgaris Polypodium alternifolium Phymatosorus banerjianus Polypodium scutifrons Chrysopteris phymatodes Drynaria vulgaris Phymatosorus scolopendria