Piptatherum miliaceum Coss.

Smilograss (en), Oloptum millet (fr), Piptathère faux millet (fr), Piptathère millet (fr)

Species

Angiosperms > Poales > Poaceae > Piptatherum

Characteristics

Loosely tufted, erect, perennial, branching at nodes, from short creeping rhizomes; branching extravaginal; cataphylls densely hairy. Leaf-sheath firmly membranous, smooth, sometimes terminating in a tuft of minute hairs. Ligule to 1.5 mm, truncate, entire. Leaf-blade to 40 cm × 5.5 mm, flat or involute, abaxially smooth, but scaberulous towards filiform tip and on margins, adaxially finely scabrid and with scattered soft hairs. Culm to 130 cm, wiry, glabrous. Panicle to 60 cm, lax; branches capillary, ascending to spreading, in dense distant whorls, rachis smooth, branches and pedicels scaberulous. Glumes subequal, 3-4 mm, 3-nerved, acute, often purple; lower slightly keeled and scabrid near tip. Lemma to 2.5 mm, 3-nerved, firmly membranous, smooth, shallowly lobed at apex; awn to 4.5 mm, straight, caducous. Palea ≈ lemma, 2-nerved, glabrous. Callus minute, blunt, glabrous. Lodicules 3. Anthers to 1.7 mm, penicillate.
More
Plants to 1.5 m tall, with a contracted rhizome with extravaginal innovations. Leaves: ligule 2–3 mm long, obtuse or truncate; blade flat or rarely loosely rolled, 8–10 mm wide, slightly scabrous. Inflorescence 15–40 cm long, open, sparse. Glumes slightly unequal, 3–3.5 mm long, long-acuminate, membranous to hyaline. Lemma ovoid, 1.8–2 mm long, hardened and shining at maturity, smooth, glabrous; awn straight, capillary, 2–4 mm long. Palea as long as lemma, 2-nerved. Anthers c. 1 mm long.
A herb. It is an erect grass that keeps growing from year to year. It has underground stems or rhizomes. It grows 60-100 cm tall. The stalks are 2 mm across. The leaves are narrow and 20-25 cm long by 5 mm wide.
Life form perennial
Growth form herb
Growth support free-standing
Foliage retention evergreen
Sexuality hermaphrodite
Pollination -
Spread -
Mature width (meter) 0.1 - 0.5
Mature height (meter) 0.6 - 1.0
Root system rhizome
Rooting depth (meter) 0.17
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color
Blooming months -
Fruit color -
Fruiting months -
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway c3

Environment

It is a Mediterranean climate plant. It grows in dry soil. It grows in areas with an annual rainfall between 300-400 mm. It can grow in arid places. In Argentina it grows from sea level to 700 m above sea level.
More
Grows in moist and semi-arid regions. 
Light 5-9
Soil humidity -
Soil texture -
Soil acidity 2-8
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 8-10

Usage

Uses -
Edible seeds
Therapeutic use -
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Can be grown by divisions or seedlings.
Mode divisions seedlings
Germination duration (days) -
Germination temperacture (C°) -
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment -
Minimum temperature (C°) -
Optimum temperature (C°) -
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Images

Piptatherum miliaceum unspecified picture

Distribution

Piptatherum miliaceum world distribution map, present in Australia, France, New Zealand, and United States of America

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:416106-1
WFO ID wfo-0000890733
COL ID 4J72Y
BDTFX ID 49724
INPN ID 113723
Wikipedia (EN) Link
Wikipedia (FR) Link

Synonyms

Agrostis graeca Agrostis miliacea Agrostis monandra Agrostis sepium Milium comosum Milium microspermum Milium multiflorum Milium pauciflorum Nassella multiflora Piptatherum miliaceum Piptatherum verticillatum Agrostis dispar Milium arundinaceum Milium frutescens Piptatherum multiflorum Urachne parviflora Urachne pauciflora Agrostis berica Milium gaditanum Piptatherum frutescens Oryzopsis miliacea f. pauciflora Oryzopsis multiflora Urachne comosa Urachne multiflora Milium multiflorum var. thomasii Oryzopsis miliacea subsp. thomasii Piptatherum miliaceum var. thomasii Oryzopsis miliacea f. thomasii Milium multiflorum var. multiflorum Piptatherum miliaceum subsp. miliaceum Piptatherum miliaceum subsp. thomasii Piptatherum miliaceum var. thomasii