Pittosporum tenuifolium Gaertn.

Tawhiwhi (en), Pittospore (fr)

Species

Angiosperms > Apiales > Pittosporaceae > Pittosporum

Characteristics

Shrub or small tree to c. 8 (–10) m high. Leaves alternate; lamina oblong, ovate or elliptic to obovate, mostly 25–60 mm long, (10–) 20–40 mm wide, glossy, mid to dark green above, lighter below, thinly coriaceous, both surfaces at first sparsely pubescent then glabrescent; margin entire, usually undulate; petiole (5–) 7–12 mm long; in cultivars leaves may be smaller (lamina to 20 mm long, petiole less than 5 mm long), variegated or coloured. Flowers bisexual, solitary in axils or in small axillary cymes, salverform, scented (possibly at night time only); pedicels 2–3 mm long. Sepals free, erect, narrowly ovate to lanceolate, 3–7 mm long, pale creamy-green. Petals oblong-elliptic to oblong-obovate, 10—12 mm long, united in basal half, spreading from c. mid-way, whitish or pale pink to crimson in the basal tubular section, the free sections deep maroon to almost black. Ovary pubescent. Capsule subglobose, 12–15 mm long and wide, dark brown or black when mature, glabrous, 3-or 4-valved in Australia (Allan (1961) records only 2-valved in New Zealand), the valves gaping but not spreading or flattened. Seeds numerous, blackish, 3–5 mm long, in liquid sticky resin.
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Tree up to ± 8 m. tall; trunk up to 3-(4) dm. diam.; bark dark; branchlets and young lvs ± pubescent. Lvs alt., on short petioles. Lamina oblong to oblong-ovate to elliptic-obovate, obtuse to acute or occ. acuminate, (1)-3-(7) × (0·5)-1-2 cm., entire, thinly coriac., ± undulate; us. rather pale green above, lighter below. Fls somewhat fragrant, axillary, solitary or in small cymes on short pedicels; bracts soon falling. Sepals narrowly ovate-oblong, subacute to obtuse, silky-hairy when young. Petals very dark red (almost black), ± 12 mm. long; limb spreading, at length reflexed. Ovary hairy, style rather long, Capsules ± 12 mm. diam., 2-valved, subglobose; valves glab., rugulose when mature, thinly woody, nearly black when mature.
A tree.
Life form perennial
Growth form tree
Growth support free-standing
Foliage retention evergreen
Sexuality hermaphrodite
Pollination entomogamy
Spread -
Mature width (meter) 2.5 - 4.0
Mature height (meter) 5.5 - 7.5
Root system -
Rooting depth (meter) -
Root diameter (meter) 0.4
Flower color
Blooming months -
Fruit color -
Fruiting months -
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway c3

Environment

In Tasmania, mostly in shaded, moist habitats including the banks of watercourses and in wet sclerophyll forest. In New South Wales, reported from sandstone plateau edges in disturbed margins of Eucalyptus piperita shrubby woodland where growing with Banksia spinulosa, Leptospermum trinervium, Hakea laevipes and Lambertia formosa (Hosking et al. 2007).
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Coastal to lower montane forests, North and South Islands, especially from North Cape and southwards.
It is a temperate plant. Arboretum Tasmania.
Light 4-8
Soil humidity 2-7
Soil texture 3-6
Soil acidity 2-8
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 8-10

Usage

Several cultivars of the species are grown in Australia as ornamental and hedging or screen plants. Includes forms with variegated and coloured foliage; see Cayzer (2002: 19–22) for a detailed list of cultivars.     Pittosporum tenuifolium cultivars are popular hedge plants; bottom: c. 'Silver Sheen' (left) and 'Green Pillar (right).
Uses environmental use essential oil gum material medicinal ornamental
Edible barks gums saps
Therapeutic use -
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Can be grown by cuttings or seedlings.
Mode cuttings seedlings
Germination duration (days) -
Germination temperacture (C°) -
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment -
Minimum temperature (C°) -
Optimum temperature (C°) -
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Images

Habit

Pittosporum tenuifolium habit picture by Caw Vus (cc-by-sa)
Pittosporum tenuifolium habit picture by Caw Vus (cc-by-sa)

Leaf

Pittosporum tenuifolium leaf picture by abi abi leone (cc-by-sa)
Pittosporum tenuifolium leaf picture by aya medvedeva (cc-by-sa)
Pittosporum tenuifolium leaf picture by re lo (cc-by-sa)

Flower

Pittosporum tenuifolium flower picture by Leaf415 (cc-by-sa)
Pittosporum tenuifolium flower picture by Diane Blackham (cc-by-sa)
Pittosporum tenuifolium flower picture by charlie rose (cc-by-sa)

Fruit

Pittosporum tenuifolium fruit picture by David Hocken (cc-by-sa)
Pittosporum tenuifolium fruit picture by David Hocken (cc-by-sa)
Pittosporum tenuifolium fruit picture by David Hocken (cc-by-sa)

Distribution

Pittosporum tenuifolium world distribution map, present in Australia, Bolivia (Plurinational State of), New Zealand, and United States of America

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:684708-1
WFO ID wfo-0001094611
COL ID 77M2R
BDTFX ID 120939
INPN ID -
Wikipedia (EN) Link
Wikipedia (FR) Link

Synonyms

Schoutensia monophylla Pittosporum translucens Pittosporum enderi Pittosporum bidwillianum Pittosporum nigricans Pittosporum tenuifolium subsp. tenuifolium Trichilia monophylla Pittosporum mayi Pittosporum tenuifolium

Lower taxons

Pittosporum tenuifolium subsp. colensoi