Pittosporum undulatum Vent.

Australian cheesewood (en), Pittosporum (fr), Pittosporum ondulé (fr)

Species

Angiosperms > Apiales > Pittosporaceae > Pittosporum

Characteristics

Tree 5–13 m high, with a rounded canopy; bark dark grey, fissured, new stems with cuticular ridging, glabrous, grey. Cotyledons with glandular and short-base T-shaped hairs, elliptic, c. 14 mm long and 6 mm wide, apices acute, distinctly petiolate. Seedling leaves immediately alternate, almost trilobed margins rapidly entire, elliptic to obovate. Adult leaves whorled; lamina elliptic, 90–120 mm long, 30–45 mm wide, cuneate, undulate, small drip tip, upper surface glossy green, lower surface paler, both surfaces glabrous; petiole 16–26 mm long. Inflorescences terminal, umbels of three flowers, floral axes protected by up to 4 layers of overlapping bracts; pedicels angular, ridged more than about 10 mm long with small, caducous bracteoles. Sepals 8–10 mm long, mostly cupular, cohering to the middle but totally separated on one side, then acuminate, spreading recurved, margins hairy. Petals almost linear, clawed, cohering in throat, blade recurved, cream, aromatic. Male flowers more numerous and generally longer (12–18 mm) than female flower; anthers noticeably exserted, sagittate but with a very shallow basal sinus, yellow; filaments much longer than anthers, tapering from a wide base, white. Pistil can appear cryptically perfect with the ovary and style both about 4 mm long, the ovary with nil or few ovules. Although dioecious, most male plants produce the occasional fruit. Female flowers are fewer (less branching) shorter and fatter (12–14 mm); stamens can range from vestigial staminodes without anthers, to shrivelled anthers barely reaching the style base that may or may not be capable of producing pollen, not exserted. Stigma lobed-capitate; style shorter than ovary, thick; ovary fat, globose, hairy, 4–5 mm long, incompletely (tri-) bi-locular with numerous ovules; basal nectary present. Fruit a dehiscent capsule, globuse, 10–12 mm long, 10–15 mm diam., orange-yellow when mature, inner yellow; apices heart-shaped; seeds numerous, red-brown, slightly glandular, cohering.
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An evergreen shrub or small tree. It grows 14 m tall. The crown is dense. The bark is smooth and grey. The leaves are alternate and crowded at the ends of the branches. They are narrowly oval or sword shaped and shiny green. The edges are wavy. The flowers are in groups at the ends of the branches. They are white and have a scent. The fruit is an orange capsule. It is 1.6 cm long and has 25 angular seeds.
Tree or shrub, 3-6 m high. Leaves dark green, margins distinctly undulate. Inflorescences terminal, umbellate-paniculate, few-flowered, ± 12 mm long. Flowers white, larger than that of indigenous species. Sepals > 5 mm long, connate in lower 1/2 in a spathe, finally slit on one side, with subulate, hairy lobes bent out. Flowering time Nov.?.
Life form perennial
Growth form tree
Growth support free-standing
Foliage retention evergreen
Sexuality hermaphrodite
Pollination entomogamy
Spread barochory
Mature width (meter) 4.5
Mature height (meter) 12.0
Root system -
Rooting depth (meter) -
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color
Blooming months
JanFebMar
AprMayJun
JulAugSep
OctNovDec
Fruit color
Fruiting months -
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway c3

Environment

In 1956, R.C. Cooper stated that Pittosporum undulatum was naturally occurring in marginal rainforest throughout the coastal ranges of southeastern Australia. Grows in wet sclerophyll to sheltered dry sclerophyll forests and scrubs.
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Sheltered situations and rainforests.
It is a subtropical plant.
Light 4-9
Soil humidity 2-7
Soil texture 2-4
Soil acidity 3-7
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 9-12

Usage

Grown as an ornamental and shelter plant. A horticultural form with white-variegated leaves is available. This form differs from the commonly cultivated variegated forms of the New Zealand endemic Pittosporum eugenioides which has tiny, insignificant maroon flowers, and numerous, very small (less than 8 mm in diam.) globose, green fruits. The hybrid with Pittosporum bicolor is a tall rounded tree with  flowers like P. undulatum and leaves like P. bicolor. Several very large specimens are growing in the Pittosporaceae bed in the Australian National Botanic Gardens. Pittosporum undulatum subsp. × emmettii
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The seeds are roasted and then eaten. Sometimes they are crushed.
Uses environmental use essential oil gum material medicinal ornamental wood
Edible fruits seeds
Therapeutic use -
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Plants can be grown from seed or cuttings.
Mode cuttings seedlings
Germination duration (days) -
Germination temperacture (C°) -
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment -
Minimum temperature (C°) -5
Optimum temperature (C°) -
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Images

Habit

Pittosporum undulatum habit picture by Brett Bissell someguy (cc-by-sa)

Leaf

Pittosporum undulatum leaf picture by blue Hat (cc-by-sa)
Pittosporum undulatum leaf picture by Pravin Kumar (cc-by-sa)
Pittosporum undulatum leaf picture by Jerome Sudre (cc-by-sa)

Flower

Pittosporum undulatum flower picture by Rebecca Goodacre (cc-by-sa)
Pittosporum undulatum flower picture by Monteiro Henrique (cc-by-sa)
Pittosporum undulatum flower picture by Bernardino Vitor (cc-by-sa)

Fruit

Pittosporum undulatum fruit picture by Sousa Américo (cc-by-sa)
Pittosporum undulatum fruit picture by Peterová Dominika (cc-by-sa)
Pittosporum undulatum fruit picture by manuela (cc-by-sa)

Distribution

Pittosporum undulatum world distribution map, present in Australia, Brazil, France, United States of America, and South Africa

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:684734-1
WFO ID wfo-0000487950
COL ID 77LQT
BDTFX ID 49808
INPN ID 113786
Wikipedia (EN) Link
Wikipedia (FR)

Synonyms

Pittosporum undulatum