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Plantago coronopus L.

Buckhorn plantain (en), Plantain corne de cerf (fr), Plantain Corne-de-cerf (fr), Plantain corne-de-cerf (fr), Plantain corne-de-bœuf (fr), Pied-de-corbeau (fr)

Species

Angiosperms > Lamiales > Plantaginaceae > Plantago

Characteristics

Annual herb, 0.07-0.35 m high. Leaves in basal rosette, linear-pinnatifid, up to 200 x 5 mm, pubescent. Inflorescences: spikes erect, 20-120 mm long, apex acute; scapes many per rosette, up to 320 mm long. Calyx lobes narrowly elliptic, ± 2 x 1 mm, acute. Corolla lobes deltoid, ± 1 x 0.7 mm, subacute. Flowering time Sept.-Dec. Fruit an ellipsoid capsule, ± 2.5 x 2 mm. Seeds rounded-tetrahedral, up to 4 per capsule, greenish brown, 1.3 x 0.7 mm, hilum scar at apex, small.
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A low hairy herb. It has a long tap root. It usually grows over 2 years. The leaves grow from the base and spread out. The leaves are highly divided. They are in a ring around the stem. The leaves are green but can turn red with age. The leaves vary in size and shape but are often 4-10 cm long. The flowers are small and occur in large numbers. They form a dense narrow spike. This is 1-8 cm long. It is in a long hairy stalk.
A Eurasian sp. with pinnatifid lvs and with short bracts broadly scarious-margined at base, has been repeatedly introduced in ballast without becoming established.
Thinly grey-silky annual to 80 cm. Leaves lanceolate to oblanceolate, pinnatifid. Flowers in dense, narrowly cylindric spikes, whitish, corolla tube hairy.
Pending.
Life form
Growth form herb
Growth support free-standing
Foliage retention -
Sexuality hermaphrodite
Pollination anemogamy
Spread barochory
Mature width (meter) 0.63
Mature height (meter) 0.19 - 0.3
Root system tap-root
Rooting depth (meter) -
Root diameter (meter) 0.2
Flower color
Blooming months
JanFebMar
AprMayJun
JulAugSep
OctNovDec
Fruit color -
Fruiting months
JanFebMar
AprMayJun
JulAugSep
OctNovDec
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway c3

Environment

A temperate plant. A common seaside plant. It grows in salt marshes. It grows amongst rocks above the high water mark on shorelines. It also grows on inland salty soils. It suits hardiness zones 6-10. Tasmania Herbarium.
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Sandy or gravelly soils and cracks in rocks, in sunny places in dry soils usually near the sea.
Light 6-8
Soil humidity 2-7
Soil texture 4-6
Soil acidity 3-8
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 6-9

Usage

The very young shoots are used in tossed salads. They are blanched for a few seconds in boiling water. They are also used in stews.
Uses food medicinal
Edible leaves
Therapeutic use Diuretic (unspecified)
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Plants self seed if allowed. Young leaves are normally blanched for a few seconds in boiling water before using.
Mode seedlings
Germination duration (days) 10 - 21
Germination temperacture (C°) 21
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment -
Minimum temperature (C°) -
Optimum temperature (C°) -
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Images

Habit

Plantago coronopus habit picture by Patrice Nodet (cc-by-sa)
Plantago coronopus habit picture by Pierre Bonnet (cc-by-sa)
Plantago coronopus habit picture by Pierre Bonnet (cc-by-sa)

Leaf

Plantago coronopus leaf picture by caven (cc-by-sa)
Plantago coronopus leaf picture by Aurelio Peña (cc-by-sa)
Plantago coronopus leaf picture by Aurelio Peña (cc-by-sa)

Flower

Plantago coronopus flower picture by jf Bara (cc-by-sa)
Plantago coronopus flower picture by nicolas pecqueux (cc-by-sa)
Plantago coronopus flower picture by Aurelio Peña (cc-by-sa)

Fruit

Plantago coronopus fruit picture by Jean-françois Garrigues (cc-by-sa)
Plantago coronopus fruit picture by Joseph Dupont (cc-by-sa)
Plantago coronopus fruit picture by Christophe Ingrand (cc-by-sa)

Distribution

Plantago coronopus world distribution map, present in Afghanistan, Anguilla, Albania, Armenia, Australia, Azerbaijan, Belgium, Bulgaria, Bahrain, Brazil, Canada, Chile, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Germany, Denmark, Algeria, Egypt, Spain, France, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, Georgia, Gibraltar, Greece, Greenland, Croatia, Iran (Islamic Republic of), Iraq, Israel, Italy, Kuwait, Lebanon, Libya, Sri Lanka, Morocco, North Macedonia, Malta, Montenegro, Netherlands, New Zealand, Oman, Pakistan, Poland, Portugal, Qatar, Romania, Russian Federation, Saudi Arabia, Serbia, Sweden, Syrian Arab Republic, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, Tonga, Tunisia, Turkey, Ukraine, Uruguay, United States of America, Uzbekistan, and South Africa

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:685048-1
WFO ID wfo-0000487725
COL ID 77NS2
BDTFX ID 49875
INPN ID 113842
Wikipedia (EN) Link
Wikipedia (FR) Link

Synonyms

Plantago tenuis Plantago panormitana Plantago polystachya Plantago prionota Plantago neglecta Plantago laciniata Plantago lacustris Plantago columnae Asterogeum laciniatum Plantago parishii Plantago sabrinae Plantago pseudoceratophylla Plantago coronopus subvar. erecta Coronopus vulgaris Plantago erubescens Arnoglossum subulatum Plantago ceratophylla Plantago coronopifolia Plantago jacquinii Plantago aschersonii Plantago coronopus subsp. ceratophylla Plantago coronopus subsp. coronopus Plantago coronopus var. rigida Plantago coronopus

Lower taxons

Plantago coronopus subsp. humilis
WorldFloraDB 2024