Polypogon viridis (Gouan) Breistr.

Water bent (en), Polypogon vert (fr), Polypogon vrai (fr)

Species

Angiosperms > Poales > Poaceae > Polypogon

Characteristics

Perennials or annuals, 15-50-(90) cm, loosely tufted, often with creeping stolons rooting at nodes. Leaf-sheath chartaceous, striate, glabrous, greyish green. Ligule 1.5-5.5 mm, truncate, erose, ciliate, abaxially minutely scabrid. Leaf-blade 2.5-18 cm × 2-9 mm, linear-lanceolate, finely striate, scabrid, tip acute. Culm 9-50 cm, decumbent and rooting at lower nodes, internodes glabrous. Panicle 3-14 × 1-3-(5) cm, ± dense, oblong but much lobed, sometimes interrupted near base; rachis smooth, branches scabrid, with spikelets almost to base, pedicels densely scabrid, very short, disarticulating. Spikelets 1.5-1.9 mm, pale green or purplish, falling entire at maturity with portion of pedicel attached. Glumes equalling spikelet, 1-nerved, elliptic, entire, firmly membranous, scabrid, keel more prominent in upper ½, awnless. Lemma c. 1 mm, hyaline, broadly elliptic, glabrous, awnless, apex denticulate, minutely ciliate. Palea narrower than lemma, apex bifid, ciliate. Anthers 0.4-0.6 mm. Caryopsis 0.8-1 × 0.3-0.6 mm.
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Perennial, stoloniferous; stolons slender, spreading, rooting at nodes. Culms geniculately ascending, 20–100 cm tall. Leaf blades linear, flat, 3–12 cm, 2–8 mm wide, scaberulous on both surfaces, apex acute; ligule 2–5 mm. Panicle contracted, lanceolate to oblong, lobed and often interrupted, 5–15 cm; branches semiverticillate, ascending, bearing densely clustered spikelets. Spikelets narrowly oblong, 1.5–2.5 mm; glumes narrowly elliptic-oblong, scabrid, lightly keeled upward, apex obtuse, awnless; lemma broadly elliptic, ca. 1 mm, awnless, apex truncate, minutely denticulate; palea almost as long as lemma. Stamens 3, anthers 0.4–0.7 mm. Caryopsis oblong, ca. 1 mm.
Robust erect or geniculately ascending stoloniferous perennial. Culms to c. 60 cm high, ± 3–6-noded, smooth. Leaves scattered; basal sheaths glabrous, striate to shallowly grooved, becoming loose in upper part; ligule 2–5 mm long, truncate, lacerate; blade flat, linear, to 18 cm long, 2–10 mm wide. Panicles contracted, to 15 cm long, exserted; branches alternate in clusters of 1–many, bearing spikelets almost to base. Spikelets disarticulating below glumes and falling entire, c. 1.5–2 mm long. Glumes subequal, 1.5–2 mm long. Lemma ovate, c. 1 mm long, denticulate, awnless, 5-nerved, glabrous. Palea slightly shorter than lemma. Anthers 0.4–0.5 (–0.7) mm long.
Stoloniferous perennial or annual, 150-600 mm high; often rooting at nodes. Leaf blade up to 150 x 7 mm; ligule an unfringed membrane. Inflorescence an open, interrupted panicle; branches ascending. Spikelets 1.5-2.0 mm long, narrowly oblong, awnless, falling with glumes and pedicel or part of it; glumes ± equal, longer than spikelet, scabrid across back, margins minutely hairy. Floret 1; anther 0.4-0.5 mm long. Flowering time Sept.-Apr.
Perennial or annual 150-600 mm high; stoloniferous; culms often rooting at the nodes. Leaf blade to 150 x to 7 mm. Inflorescence open, interrupted, branches ascending. Spikelet 1.5-2.0 mm long, narrowly oblong; glumes scabrid across the back, margins minutely hairy, awnless; lemma awnless; anther 0.4-0.5 mm.
Annual or perennial, up to 0.6 m tall. Leaves linear-lanceolate; ligule an unfringed membrane. Inflorescence an open panicle. Spikelets 1.5-2 mm long, disarticulating as an entire unit, awnless; lemmas glabrous, shiny.
Annual; up to 0.6 m high. Leaf blades up to 150 x 7 mm. Flowers: panicle ± open; branches ascending; spikelets 1.5-2.0 mm long; glumes and lemmas not awned; anthers 0.4-0.5 mm.
Annual, up to 0.6 m high. Leaf blades up to 150 mm long, up to 7 mm wide. Spikelets 1.5-2.0 mm long. Panicle open, branches ascending; lemmas awnless.
Annual or perennial to 60 cm. Leaves linear-lanceolate. Spikelets in an open panicle, glumes and lemmas awnless.
A grass. It grows 60 cm tall. The leaves are narrow and sword shaped. They are 15 cm long by 7 mm wide.
Life form perennial
Growth form herb
Growth support free-standing
Foliage retention deciduous
Sexuality hermaphrodite
Pollination anemogamy
Spread epizoochory
Mature width (meter) -
Mature height (meter) 0.3 - 0.6
Root system creeping-root rhizome
Rooting depth (meter) -
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color
Blooming months
JanFebMar
AprMayJun
JulAugSep
OctNovDec
Fruit color -
Fruiting months -
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway c3

Environment

Grows near or in water.
More
It is a tropical plant.
Light -
Soil humidity 4-9
Soil texture -
Soil acidity -
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 7-10

Usage

Uses fodder
Edible seeds
Therapeutic use -
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Mode -
Germination duration (days) -
Germination temperacture (C°) -
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment -
Minimum temperature (C°) -
Optimum temperature (C°) -
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Images

Habit

Polypogon viridis habit picture by Denis Bastianelli (cc-by-sa)
Polypogon viridis habit picture by Prasanta Hembram (cc-by-sa)

Flower

Polypogon viridis flower picture by Denis Bastianelli (cc-by-sa)
Polypogon viridis flower picture by Prasanta Hembram (cc-by-sa)
Polypogon viridis flower picture by Савченко Никита (cc-by-sa)

Distribution

Polypogon viridis world distribution map, present in Afghanistan, Angola, Albania, Australia, Austria, Bulgaria, Bolivia (Plurinational State of), Canada, Switzerland, China, Colombia, Cyprus, Algeria, Ecuador, Egypt, Eritrea, Spain, Ethiopia, France, Greece, Guatemala, Indonesia, Iran (Islamic Republic of), Iraq, Italy, Jamaica, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Libya, Morocco, Mauritania, Namibia, New Zealand, Oman, Pakistan, Peru, Palau, Puerto Rico, Portugal, Réunion, Saudi Arabia, Singapore, Somalia, eSwatini, Turks and Caicos Islands, Turkmenistan, Tunisia, Uruguay, United States of America, Uzbekistan, Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic of), Viet Nam, Yemen, South Africa, and Zimbabwe

Conservation status

Polypogon viridis threat status: Least Concern

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:418741-1
WFO ID wfo-0000894761
COL ID 4LHKM
BDTFX ID 51887
INPN ID 115031
Wikipedia (EN) Link
Wikipedia (FR) Link

Synonyms

Agrestis verticillata Agrostis anatolica Agrostis dalmatica Agrostis kauaiensis Agrostis koelerioides Agrostis leptos Agrostis refracta Agrostis rivularis Agrostis semiverticillata Agrostis viridis Phalaris semiverticillata Polypogon semiverticillatus Vilfa densa Phalaris verticillata Agrostis verticillata Agrostis condensata Agrostis villarsii Nowodworskya semiverticillata Nowodworskya verticillata Vilfa verticillata Vilfa villarsii Agrostis muelleri Agrostis aquatica Agrostis aquatica Agrostis decumbens Agrostis densa Agrostis alba var. verticillata Agrostis stolonifera var. verticillata Polypogon littoralis var. muticus Agrostis alba var. rivularis Agrostis stolonifera var. dalmatica Agrostis stolonifera var. muelleri Agrostis verticillata var. dalmatica Polypogon viridis subsp. pauciflorus Polypogon subverticillatus Polypogon viridis