Polyscias cumingiana Fern.-vill.

Malaysian aralia (en)

Species

Angiosperms > Apiales > Araliaceae > Polyscias

Characteristics

Glabrous shrub or small tree, to c. 4 m, unbranched or with few branches bearing spirally arranged leaves towards their ends. Leaves imparipinnate, up to 100 cm; petiole to 20 cm, with a sheathing base c. 5-6 cm long; petiolules to 3 cm; leaflets ovate-oblong or elliptic, 10-30 by 2-13 cm, apex attenuated or acuminate, base rotund, truncate or broadly cuneate, often oblique, margin entire or minutely and distantly dentate (sometimes pinnatilobed or almost pinnatipartite); midrib and lateral veins evident. Inflorescence a large terminal panicle, or with flowering branches also in the axils of the upper leaves; primary axis up to 140 cm with secondary branches mostly in verticils at intervals along its length; secondary branches up to 120 cm, bearing umbellules in an irregularly branched system towards their extremities, peduncles of the umbellules with one or more pairs of small bracts; umbellules with c. 10-20 flowers; pedicels 4-8 mm. Calyx a minute rim with 4-5(-6) teeth. Petals 4-5(-6), 2½-3½ mm long. Stamens 4-5(-6), 2 mm long. Ovary turbinate, c. 2 mm long, 2-5-celled; styles at first erect, later spreading. Fruit subglobose, fleshy, 3-5 mm ø when dry.
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Shrubs or treelets, 1.5-4 m tall, andromonoecious. Leaves 1-or 2-pinnate; petiole 8-20 cm, clasping at base, alate for 3-4.5 cm with membranous wings; petiolules 0.5-3 cm; leaflets 9-15, often variegated, elliptic to lanceolate or ovate, often narrowly so, 10-35 × 2-10 cm, papery, base obtuse to attenuate, margin entire to coarsely crenate, often with minute teeth, apex acuminate or acute to obtuse. Inflorescence terminal, pendent, a panicle of umbels; primary axis 15-30 cm; secondary axes 5-7, usually in verticils, 20-80(-140) cm; tertiary axes 10-25 per secondary axis, mostly grouped in 2-4(or 5) verticils, with a terminal umbellule of bisexual flowers and 2-6 lateral umbellules of staminate flowers, or further divided into 4th order axes; pedicels 4-8 mm (shorter in staminate flowers). Ovary (2 or)3-5-carpellate; styles free nearly to base, 1-1.4 mm at anthesis, diverging, expanding in fruit to 1.7 mm. Fruit subglobose to broadly ovoid, 3-4(-5) mm high, base often shallowly cordate. Fl. autumn.
A shrub or small tree. It grows 2-5 m high. The leaves are alternate and they are divided into leaflets along the stalk. The leaves are 50-100 cm long by 6-12 cm wide. There is a sheath base. The leaflet shapes can vary even on the one plant. The flowers are in a large branched group at the end of the stalk.
Life form perennial
Growth form shrub
Growth support free-standing
Foliage retention evergreen
Sexuality andromonoecy
Pollination -
Spread -
Mature width (meter) -
Mature height (meter) 1.75 - 4.0
Root system -
Rooting depth (meter) -
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color
Blooming months
JanFebMar
AprMayJun
JulAugSep
OctNovDec
Fruit color -
Fruiting months -
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway -

Environment

Rain-forest and secondary growth, usually at low elevations but sometimes ascending to 1,700 metres. The plant is widely cultivated and its native range is not very clear.
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A tropical plant. It grows in tropical rainforests and secondary growth. It is usually grown at low altitudes but can be up to 1700 m altitudes.
Rain-forest and secondary growth, usually at low altitude but ascending to 1700 m, native range not very clear.
Light 4-9
Soil humidity 3-7
Soil texture 3-4
Soil acidity -
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 10-11

Usage

Uses. A common ornamental shrub, especially the cultivars with dissected foliage. Also for culinary use.
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The young leaves are boiled and eaten. They are often cooked with meat or fish.
Uses environmental use food medicinal ornamental
Edible leaves
Therapeutic use -
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Plants can be grown from seeds. It is easily grown from cuttings. It can be used as a hedge.
Mode cuttings seedlings
Germination duration (days) -
Germination temperacture (C°) -
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment -
Minimum temperature (C°) 1
Optimum temperature (C°) -
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Images

Polyscias cumingiana unspecified picture

Distribution

Polyscias cumingiana world distribution map, present in Brazil, China, Cook Islands, Moldova (Republic of), Philippines, Puerto Rico, and United States of America

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:91749-1
WFO ID wfo-0000280034
COL ID 4LLRN
BDTFX ID -
INPN ID 446940
Wikipedia (EN)
Wikipedia (FR)

Synonyms

Nothopanax crispatus Panax crispatus Panax cumingianus Nothopanax pinnatus Aralia naumannii Panax pinnatus Panax secundus Paratropia cumingiana Arthrophyllum pinnatum Polyscias cumingiana Polyscias cumingii Polyscias rumphiana Panax bandanensis Polyscias crispata Nothopanax cumingianus Nothopanax cumingii Panax rumphiana Panax cumingii Anomopanax cumingianus