Polyscias fruticosa Harms

Ming aralia (en)

Species

Angiosperms > Apiales > Araliaceae > Polyscias

Characteristics

Shrubs or treelets, to 3(-5) m tall, andromonoecious. Leaves 3-5-pinnate; petiole (2-)5-15 cm, clasping at base, inconspicuously alate with membranous wings; petiolules 1-5 cm; primary leaf divisions (7-)11-15, each further divided once or twice, sometimes variegated, usually lanceolate, (1-)2-18 × 0.2-5 cm, papery, base narrowly cuneate to attenuate, margin laciniate to spinulose-serrate, teeth 5-10 mm, apex long acuminate. Inflorescence terminal, erect, a panicle of umbels; primary axis 8-30(-60) cm; secondary axes 5-15, scattered or subverticillate, 7-25(-30) cm; tertiary axes 5-15 per secondary axis, mostly grouped in 2-4 verticils, with a terminal umbellule of bisexual flowers and 2-6 lateral umbellules of staminate flowers; pedicels 1.5-5 mm (shorter in staminate flowers). Ovary 2-or 3(or 4)-carpellate; styles free nearly to base, 0.8-1.2 mm at anthesis, recurving, expanding in fruit to 1.5 mm. Fruit laterally compressed or trigonous (rarely quadrangular), orbicular to ovate-orbicular, 4-5 × 4.5-6 mm, base rounded (sometimes shallowly subcordate). Fl. Aug-Sep.
More
Glabrous shrub or, small tree, up to 5 m, with branches bearing spirally arranged leaves towards their ends. Leaves tripinnate, variable in size to c. 75 cm long; petiole up to c. 25 cm, with a sheathing base to 5 cm long; pinnae to c. 25 cm long; leaflets shortly petiolate, very variable in shape and size, oblong or linear-lanceolate, or 1-12 by 0.5-4 cm, more or less deeply serrate or lobed, or irregularly pinnatisect, apex attenuate, acuminate or rounded, base cuneate, truncate or subcordate, midrib and lateral veins evident. Inflorescence a diffuse panicle; primary axis up to c. 60 cm with secondary branches mostly in verticils at intervals along its length; secondary branches up to 30 cm bearing umbellules in an irregularly branched system towards their extremities; umbellules with 12-20 flowers on pedicels c. 3 mm long. Calyx a minute rim. Petals 5, 2 mm long. Stamens 5. Ovary turbinate, c. 1 mm high, 2-3(-4)-celled; styles at first erect, later spreading. Fruit subglobose, fleshy, c. 5 mm ø when dry.
A tall shrub. It grows 3-5 m high and spreads 2-3 m wide. The branches are spreading. The leaves are clustered near the tips. The leaves are divided 3 times. They are 75 cm long. They sheath the stem at the base. The leaflet stalks are 25 cm long and the leaflets are 1-12 cm long by 0.5-4 cm wide. They vary in shape. They can be lobed or have teeth. The flowers are 0.5 cm across and in a spreading group 60 cm long. The fruit are 0.5 cm across. They are fleshy. The plant varies a lot and it can be like Polyscias cumingiana.
Life form perennial
Growth form shrub
Growth support free-standing
Foliage retention evergreen
Sexuality andromonoecy
Pollination -
Spread -
Mature width (meter) 1.5 - 2.0
Mature height (meter) 3.0
Root system -
Rooting depth (meter) -
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color
Blooming months
JanFebMar
AprMayJun
JulAugSep
OctNovDec
Fruit color -
Fruiting months -
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway -

Environment

A tropical plant. It suits tropical and subtropical regions. They need well drained acid soils. It is grown at low altitudes and up to about 1000 m. It is often grown as a hedge. In XTBG Yunnan.
More
Grown at low and moderate altitudes (c. 1000 m) as an ornamental or hedge shrub and for culinary use.
Not known in a truly wild location
Light 4-8
Soil humidity 3-7
Soil texture 3-5
Soil acidity -
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 10-11

Usage

The young leaves are eaten as a flavouring. They are also boiled and eaten.
Uses environmental use food medicinal social use
Edible leaves roots shoots
Therapeutic use Antirheumatic agents (leaf), Dysuria (leaf), Headache (leaf), Hemorrhoids (leaf), Migraine disorders (leaf), Pain (leaf), Sinusitis (leaf), Tonsillitis (leaf), Anti-bacterial agents (root), Antifungal agents (root), Diuretics (root), Dysuria (root), Astringent (unspecified), Diuretic (unspecified), Dysuria (unspecified), Fever (unspecified), Gravel (unspecified), Stone (unspecified), Vulnerary (unspecified), Astringents (unspecified)
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Plants can be grown from fresh seed. They can also be grown from cuttings.
Mode cuttings seedlings
Germination duration (days) -
Germination temperacture (C°) -
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment -
Minimum temperature (C°) 1
Optimum temperature (C°) -
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Images

Leaf

Polyscias fruticosa leaf picture by Pantoja Santiago Peter (cc-by-sa)
Polyscias fruticosa leaf picture by Felix Manzueta (cc-by-sa)
Polyscias fruticosa leaf picture by Felix Manzueta (cc-by-sa)

Distribution

Polyscias fruticosa world distribution map, present in Andorra, Bangladesh, Brazil, China, Dominica, Haiti, Moldova (Republic of), Myanmar, Mozambique, Puerto Rico, Thailand, Tonga, United States of America, and Viet Nam

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:847351-1
WFO ID wfo-0000280058
COL ID 4LLSH
BDTFX ID -
INPN ID 446941
Wikipedia (EN) Link
Wikipedia (FR) Link

Synonyms

Aralia deleauana Aralia tripinnata Panax fruticosus Panax plumatus Panax plumatus Tieghemopanax fruticosus Nothopanax fruticosus Panax aureus Polyscias fruticosa Panax diffusus Panax dumosus Panax fissus Nothopanax fruticosus var. plumata Polyscias fruticosa var. plumata Panax fruticosus var. crispus Aralia fruticosa Panax fruticosus var. deleauanus Nothopanax fruticosus var. plumatus