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Stems erect to occasionally ascending. Leaves erect, not arching except at tip, 1--6 dm; bulblets absent. Petiole 1/10--1/6 of blade, densely scaly; scales light brown, gradually diminishing in size distally. Blade linear, often widest above middle, 1-pinnate, base narrowed. Pinnae oblong to lanceolate to falcate, proximal pinnae ± deltate, rarely overlapping, in 1 plane, 0.5--3 cm, base truncate to oblique, acroscopic auricle well developed; margins serrulate-spiny with teeth spreading; apex acute, subapical tooth hardly smaller than apical tooth; microscales dense, on abaxial surface only. Indusia entire or minutely dentate-erose. Spores dark brown. 2 n = 82.
Rhizome erect or ascending; lvs 2–6 dm, the petiole very short; blade rigid, lance-linear, 3–7 cm wide, pinnate, gradually narrowed below; pinnae alternate, 25–40 pairs, lanceolate (the reduced lower ones subtriangular), acuminate, sharply auricled at the upper base, scaly beneath, darker green and scaleless above; fertile pinnae like the sterile; sori in a single row on each side of the midrib; indusium lacerate; 2n=82. Cool shaded rocks and hillsides, mostly on limestone; circumboreal, s. to N.S., Que., Ont., Mich., and Calif.
